Targeting Behavioral Adjustment and Healthy Lifestyle in Preschool-Age Children Using an Integrated Family-Based Intervention

在入学时，许多孩子因为社交、情感和行为问题而遇到困难， 这可能与不健康的生活方式行为并存，并因此而变得复杂，例如缺乏体力活动， 屏幕时间过长，睡眠不足。尽管这两个领域对儿童来说都很关键 在发展方面，大多数关于幼儿预防干预的研究都集中在这两个方面 域或其他域，但很少两者都是。显然需要以家庭为基础的干预措施，将 两个领域，因为父母对社会-情绪-行为功能和 健康的生活方式。对于学龄前儿童，解决父母教养和家庭环境问题代表着 更强大的干预模式。利用社区组织的转介服务 这项研究既关注经济上的弱势家庭，也关注高危家庭的健康和行为 通过以家庭为基础的干预措施，加强对域名的保护。家庭递送的预防干预包括以下内容 加强儿童的积极行为，管理不良行为，解决健康的生活方式选择。 家庭从事实践技能培养(例如，行为教学；计划的活动培训)，并拥有 有机会练习这些技能，并收到反馈。这项研究涉及对 综合干预的可行性和初步可行性，以及收集关于其他 与实施干预措施有关的基本要素。样本包括高危家庭，他们 至少有一名学龄前儿童，并已通过以社区为基础的 经纪公司。该设计包括将60个家庭随机分为两组，一组是家庭递送的综合干预 或等待名单控件。初步研究：1)评估可行性和可接受性(例如，参与者 招募、干预期间的保留和剂量/参与)与家庭的综合干预 在高风险样本中；2)检查儿童的变化(例如，行为问题、体力活动、睡眠) 和父母(例如，压力、父母信心)作为干预的函数的结果；以及3)评估 关于参与者的可接受性和遇到的障碍的评估议定书。这项研究是 这很重要，因为它对幼儿进行干预，在儿童入学时促进积极成果。 这项研究在同时解决社会-情绪-行为功能的两个领域方面具有创新性 通过以家庭为基础的家庭干预，对3至4岁儿童的健康生活方式进行研究。 对学龄前儿童家庭的干预，以预防儿童行为问题和 倡导健康的生活方式将为幼儿进入幼儿园创造最好的结果。 这项研究的结果将为设计一项功能强大的R01预防临床试验提供决策依据。

At school entry, many children encounter difficulties because of social, emotional, and behavioral problems, which can co-occur with, and be complicated by, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors such as low physical activity, excessive screen time, and inadequate sleep. Despite the fact that both domains are critical to child development, most of the research on preventive interventions with young children has focused on either one domain or the other, but seldom both. There is a clear need for family-based interventions that integrate the two domains because parents exert major influence on both social-emotional-behavioral functioning and healthy lifestyle. With preschool-age children, addressing parenting and family environment represents one of the stronger modes of intervention. Utilizing referrals from community-based organizations serving economically disadvantaged as well as high-risk families, this study addresses both health and behavioral domains through a family-based intervention. The home-delivered prevention intervention includes content on strengthening positive behaviors in children, managing misbehavior, and addressing healthy lifestyle choices. Families engage in practical skill building (e.g., behavioral teaching; planned activities training) and have the opportunity to practice these skills and receive feedback. The study involves a preliminary evaluation of the feasibility and initial viability of an integrated intervention, as well as the collection of information on other essential components regarding the delivery of the intervention. The sample includes high-risk families who have at least one preschool-age child and who have been referred for services through a community-based agency. The design involves randomization of 60 families to either the home-delivered integrated intervention or a wait-list control. The preliminary study: 1) evaluates the feasibility and acceptability (e.g., participant recruitment, retention during intervention, and dosage/participation) of an integrated intervention with families in an elevated-risk sample; 2) examines changes in child (e.g., behavioral problems, physical activity, sleep) and parent (e.g., stress, parental confidence) outcomes as a function of intervention; and 3) evaluates the assessment protocol with respect to acceptability and barriers encountered by participants. This study is significant because it intervenes with young children to promote positive outcomes as children enter school. The study is innovative in addressing concurrently the two domains of social-emotional-behavioral functioning and healthy lifestyle behaviors in 3- to 4-year-old children through a home-delivered family-based intervention. Intervention for families of preschoolers addressing the prevention of child behavior problems and the promotion of healthy lifestyles will create the best outcomes for young children as they enter Kindergarten. Results of this study will inform decisions about the design of a well-powered R01 prevention clinical trial.