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Impact of repeated vaccination on the effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccines

重复接种对季节性流感疫苗有效性的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10361454
负责人：
XIUFENG HENRY WAN
金额：
$ 72.04万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-03-03 至 2026-02-27
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10361454
关键词：
Address Affect Age-Months Antibodies Antibody Avidity Antibody titer measurement Antigenic Diversity Antigenic Variation Antigens B-Lymphocytes Biological Assay CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes Cells Conflict (Psychology)Confusion Disease Outbreaks Economics Effectiveness Ensure Evaluation Female Ferrets Frequencies Goals Health Human Immune response Immunity Impairment Individual Infection Infection prevention Influenza Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype Influenza A virus Influenza vaccination Knowledge Lead Letters Ligation Mediating Modeling Molecular Mutation National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease Pathology Pattern Performance Persons Public Health Reaction Reporting Role Sampling Seasons Serology test Serum Severities Specificity Strategic Planning T-Lymphocyte Testing United States Vaccinated Vaccination Vaccinee Vaccines Variant Virus Virus Shedding antigen detection base cross reactivity egg epidemiology study improved influenza infection influenza outbreak influenza virus vaccine influenzavirus male military health system pandemic disease prevent response seasonal influenza seropositive sex universal influenza vaccine unvaccinated vaccine effectiveness vaccine efficacy viral transmission

项目摘要

Impact of repeated vaccination on the effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccines Summary Influenza viruses cause pandemic and seasonal outbreaks that lead to the loss of thousands to millions of human lives. Vaccination is the best option for preventing influenza outbreaks and minimizing their effects on health. In the United States, annual influenza vaccination has been recommended since 2010 for persons 6 months of age and older. However, vaccine performance varies significantly between influenza seasons, and reduced vaccine effectiveness has been observed. Studies have reported that persons vaccinated during two consecutive influenza seasons had lower vaccine effectiveness during the second season than persons who had not been vaccinated during the prior season. These findings have caused profound confusion among the public regarding the potential benefit of annual influenza vaccination. Thus, there is a critical need to address the effect of repeated vaccination–associated pre-existing immunity on influenza vaccine performance. The objective of this project is to characterize the effects of repeated influenza vaccination on the specificity and magnitude of cross-reactive antibodies and on the effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccines. Two specific aims are proposed: 1) determine the specificity, magnitude, and longitudinal patterns of humoral responses in humans with repeated seasonal vaccination, and 2) test the effect of repeated vaccination– associated pre-existing immunity on influenza vaccine performance in ferrets. By comparing antibodies in persons with and without repeated influenza vaccination, we expect to show whether and how pre-existing immunity achieved through repeated influenza vaccination affects the specificity and magnitude of the cross-reactivity for the resulting antibodies and, thus, vaccine effectiveness. From our studies in ferrets, we expect to show whether and how variations in repeated vaccination–associated pre- existing immunity affect influenza vaccine performance. This study will expand our understanding of molecular mechanisms that may influence how repeated vaccination affects influenza vaccine performance. Thus, this study will provide basic knowledge for evaluating the need for annual influenza vaccination and for optimizing influenza vaccine performance.

重复接种对季节性流感疫苗有效性的影响