Understanding the impact of group 2 innate lymphoid cells on airway epithelial regeneration and repair

摘要 上皮功能障碍在人类传导性气道疾病如COPD和COPD的发病机制中至关重要。 哮喘已知免疫细胞影响各种组织中的上皮组成和功能。组 2先天性淋巴样细胞（ILC 2）是一种免疫细胞，最近已被证明可促进上皮修复， 通过促进远端兼性上皮细胞生长在几种小鼠肺损伤模型中的肺实质 祖先虽然已知气道中的过度活跃的ILC 2会导致慢性气道炎症，但 ILC 2在调节气道上皮再生和修复中的作用尚不清楚。为了弥补这一差距， 知识，我们将在小鼠气管上皮损伤的背景下研究ILC 2，其模拟了 人体呼吸道的生物学气管中的正常上皮修复通过扩张发生， 基础干细胞的分化产生所有气道上皮谱系。我们将检验这个假设， ILC 2通过调节基底细胞的增殖和分化促进气道上皮修复。我们 假设上皮警报素白细胞介素-33（IL-33）是启动免疫应答的关键信号因子， 在气道再生和修复过程中的细胞活化。目的1将描述ILC 2对气道损伤的反应 并确定ILC 2是否是有效的上皮修复所必需的。目的2将检查IL-33/ST 2 信号轴作为免疫细胞对损伤做出反应并促进修复的潜在机制。针对性 ILC 2的转基因缺失和操作将提供ILC 2参与气道炎症的细胞特异性证据。 上皮再生细胞内磷酸化事件和细胞因子产生的询问将进一步 阐明促进上皮重塑和再生的信号机制。了解 ILC 2激活和调节气道上皮功能的机制将有助于我们理解 并为人类气道的治疗性免疫调节提供了潜在的靶点 疾病

ABSTRACT Epithelial dysfunction is critical in the pathogenesis of human conducting airway diseases such as COPD and asthma. Immune cells are known to influence epithelial composition and function in a variety of tissues. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are immune cells that have recently been shown to promote epithelial repair in the lung parenchyma in several murine injury models by promoting growth of distal facultative epithelial progenitors. While hyperactive ILC2s in the airway are known to contribute to chronic airway inflammation, the role of ILC2s in regulating epithelial regeneration and repair in the airway is unknown. To address this gap in knowledge, we will study ILC2s in the context of epithelial injury in the mouse trachea, which models the biology of the human conducting airways. Normal epithelial repair in the trachea occurs via expansion and differentiation of basal stem cells that give rise to all airway epithelial lineages. We will test the hypothesis that ILC2s contribute to airway epithelial repair by regulating proliferation and differentiation of basal cells. We hypothesize that the epithelial alarmin interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a critical signaling factor that initiates immune cell activation during airway regeneration and repair. Aim 1 will characterize the ILC2 response to airway injury and determine whether ILC2s are required for effective epithelial repair. Aim 2 will examine the IL-33/ST2 signaling axis as a potential mechanism by which immune cells respond to injury and promote repair. Targeted transgenic deletion and manipulation of ILC2s will provide cell-specific evidence of ILC2 involvement in airway epithelial regeneration. Interrogation of intracellular phosphorylation events and cytokine production will further elucidate the signaling mechanisms that promote epithelial remodeling and regeneration. Understanding the mechanisms of ILC2 activation and regulation of airway epithelial function will contribute to our understanding of human airway biology and provide potential targets for the therapeutic immunomodulation of human airway diseases.