Cognitive and neural mechanisms supporting naturalistic dyadic social interactions

支持自然二元社会互动的认知和神经机制

• 批准号: 10213596
• 负责人: Lily Tsoi
• 金额: $ 6.64万
• 依托单位: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-15 至 2022-07-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10213596
• 关键词: Adopted; Brain; Cognitive; Communication; Comprehension; Elements; Face; Fire - disasters; Friends; Human; Imaging technology; Individual; Individual Differences; Instruction; Knowledge; Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Methods; Mind; Outcome; Participant; Partner Communications; Process; Reaction; Research; Resolution; Rewards; Role; Side; Site; Social Behavior; Social Impacts; Social Interaction; Social support; Stimulus; Sum; Support System; Testing; Thinking; Time; Translating; Work; behavior measurement; cognitive process; college; design; experience; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; longitudinal design; mental representation; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; peer; recruit; relating to nervous system; social; social attachment; social cognition; social communication; social communication impairment; social engagement; success; time use; translational impact; transmission process

Project Summary / Abstract Social interactions are the touchstone of human sociality. They serve two key roles: (1) to help people learn from others’ experiences without needing their own firsthand experience and (2) to engender social bonds between individuals. How do speakers and listeners bridge epistemological gaps in order to transmit knowledge? How does communication give rise to social connection? The proposed project will adopt novel neuroimaging methods to peer into the minds of communicators as they verbally exchange thoughts with one another. This approach enables us to identify the cognitive and neural processes by which social interactions produce successful information transmission (i.e., sending and receiving of information) and perceived social connection (i.e., interpersonal closeness). We start by exploring the component parts of communication – sending and receiving information – as well as the outcomes of each. In Aim 1, we examine how successfully sending and receiving instructional con- tent evoke neural alignment between senders and listeners. We then explore the ways in which the whole of human communication is greater than the sum of these component parts. Real interactions are dynamic: peo- ple rapidly formulate ideas into words, translate each other’s words into ideas, and respond in rapid-fire turn- taking. Most research into social interaction has relied primarily on paradigms that do not allow for real social interaction: participants often engage in one-sided interactions, passively view stimuli in parallel, or interact through contrived scenarios. Previous work that has studied real social interactions most often does so us- ing more static behavioral measures or neural measures with lower spatial resolution. Our unique research site, with two MRI scanners in adjacent rooms, allows us to do both simultaneously. The current proposal thus offers a shift from conventional paradigms to naturalistic ones, in which real dyads converse in real time. In Aim 2, we examine how neural alignment during social communication differs across dyads with strong and weak levels of social connection. We design the communication task such that speakers and listeners must actively anticipate each other's words and plan their own words accordingly. Novel inter-subject correlation measures will focus on identifying the role of synchrony and prediction in communication. We will measure these neural dynamics in speakers and listeners with a range of success in transmitting information (e.g., individual differences in properly providing and following instructions) as well as dyads with strong and weak social connection (e.g., friends vs. strangers; roommates at the start and end of the year). These studies, by focusing on temporal dynamics within a dynamic and naturalistic social interaction, allow us to identify the cognitive and neural processes by which communication gives rise to learning and so- cial connection.

项目总结/摘要 社会交往是人类社会性的试金石。他们有两个关键作用：（1）帮助人们 学习他人的经验，而不需要自己的第一手经验;（2）产生社会性 个人之间的纽带。说话者和听话者如何弥合认识论上的鸿沟以便传递信息 知识？沟通是如何产生社会联系的？拟议项目将采用新颖的 神经成像方法，以窥视沟通者的思想，因为他们口头交换思想与一个 另这种方法使我们能够识别认知和神经过程， 产生成功的信息传输（即，信息的发送和接收）和感知的社会 连接（即，人际关系密切）。 我们从探索通信的组成部分开始-发送和接收信息-作为 以及每个人的结果。在目标1中，我们研究如何成功地发送和接收教学控制， 帐篷唤起了听众和听众之间神经联系。然后，我们将探讨如何使整个 人类的交流大于这些组成部分的总和。真实的相互作用是动态的：人- 人们迅速将想法转化为文字，将对方的文字转化为想法，并迅速做出反应- 拿。大多数对社会互动的研究主要依赖于不允许真实的社会互动的范式。 互动：参与者经常进行单方面的互动，被动地平行观看刺激，或互动 通过人为的场景。以前研究真实的社会互动的工作通常是针对我们的- 更多的静态行为测量或具有较低空间分辨率的神经测量。我们独特的研究 我们的研究中心在相邻的房间里有两台MRI扫描仪，可以让我们同时做这两件事。因此，目前的提案 提供了一个从传统范式到自然主义范式的转变，其中真实的二元体在真实的时间中交谈。在 目的2，我们研究了在社会交往中神经对齐如何在具有强和 社会联系薄弱。我们设计的沟通任务，使发言者和听众必须 积极地预测对方的话，并相应地计划自己的话。 新的学科间相关性措施将集中在确定同步和预测的作用， 通信我们将测量扬声器和听众的这些神经动力学，并取得一系列成功， 发送信息（例如，在正确提供和遵循指示方面的个体差异）以及 具有强的和弱的社会联系的二人组（例如，朋友与陌生人;室友在开始和结束 年）。这些研究通过关注动态和自然主义社会互动中的时间动态， 使我们能够识别认知和神经过程，通过这些过程，交流产生了学习，因此- 社会关系