Understanding the Effects of Acute Stressors and Negative Emotion on Eating Behavior in Binge-Eating Disorder: The Role of Stressor-Induced Changes in Reward and Cognitive Control

了解急性压力源和负面情绪对暴食症饮食行为的影响：压力源引起的奖励和认知控制变化的作用

• 批准号: 10223284
• 负责人: Kristin N. Javaras
• 金额: $ 19.42万
• 依托单位: MCLEAN HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10223284
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adult; Affect; American; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Binge Eating; Binge eating disorder; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Bulimia; Choices and Control; Clinical; Clinical Investigator; Consumption; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Distress; Eating; Eating Behavior; Eating Disorders; Emotions; Environment; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Food Preferences; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; General Population; Goals; Health; Hospitals; Image; Impairment; Individual; Intake; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Literature; Measures; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Mentors; Morbidity - disease rate; Neurobiology; Neurosciences; Outcome; Palate; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Play; Prediction of Response to Therapy; Psychotherapy; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Recurrence; Relapse; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Rewards; Role; Stress; Teaching Hospitals; Testing; Time; Training; Veins; base; biobehavior; blood oxygen level dependent; career; career development; cognitive control; comparison group; design; efficacious intervention; efficacious treatment; emotion regulation; experience; high risk; improved; insight; medical schools; men; negative affect; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; novel; patient oriented research; personalized intervention; preference; programs; psychosocial; purge; recruit; response; responsible research conduct; reward processing; social stressor; stressor; sugar; symposium; treatment effect; treatment responders; treatment response; young woman

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Binge-eating disorder (BED) is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating (uncontrolled consumption of large amounts of food in a short time period). BED is the most prevalent eating disorder in the U.S. and globally, and it is associated with significant psychosocial impairment, and psychiatric and physical morbidity. However, even with the most efficacious treatments, a substantial proportion of those with BED do not experience good outcomes. Elucidating the biobehavioral mechanisms of binge eating is critical to gaining better understanding of treatments’ effects and why they vary. In this vein, converging evidence suggests that negative affect plays a significant role in binge eating in BED, but the link between negative affect and binge eating behavior, including its neurobiological mechanisms, is not well understood. In contrast, a growing body of literature suggests that stressors tend to increase preference for highly palatable food in the general population, and that this phenomenon may involve mechanisms of increased food reward and decreased cognitive control. Thus, the goal of the K23 research project is to examine whether stressors have greater effects on (palatable) food choice and related blood oxygenation level dependent activity in young women with BED, and whether these stressor-related effects relate to real-world binge eating behavior. Dovetailing with the research aims, the K23 will provide training and mentored research experience in the following areas critical to achieving the candidate’s long-term career goal of becoming an independent clinical investigator focused on understanding the mechanisms underlying binge eating, with the ultimate goal of developing more tailored and efficacious interventions: (1) neuroscience and neuroimaging; (2) the study of stressors and their effects; (3) assessment of real-world stressors, affect, and eating; (4) responsible conduct of research; and (5) general career development. To achieve these training goals, the candidate will attend relevant classes, seminars, and scientific conferences and receive mentoring and training from an expert team including Dr. Diego Pizzagalli (Primary Mentor), Drs. James Hudson and Shelly Greenfield (Co-Mentors), and Drs. Lisa Nickerson, Joanna Steinglass, Marian Tanofsky-Kraff, & Stephen Wonderlich (Advisors). The research and training will occur at McLean Hospital, a psychiatric teaching hospital with a state-of-the-art imaging center and eating disorder research program. McLean, an affiliate of Harvard Medical School, provides an ideal environment due to its clear institutional commitment to research and academic/professional training and its unique opportunities for diverse clinical and basic researchers to collaborate to better understand the brain in illness and health. In addition to providing the candidate essential training in designing and implementing patient-oriented research with sophisticated behavioral and neurobiological measures, the K23 award will provide novel data on the role of stressors and negative affect in BED. This line of research can yield critical information relevant to developing more efficacious interventions for BED, a compelling target for improving public health.

项目总结/文摘