Substance use treatment needs, characteristics, and outcomes among emerging adults experiencing homelessness: A mixed-methods study

无家可归的新兴成年人的药物使用治疗需求、特征和结果：一项混合方法研究

• 批准号: 10398002
• 负责人: Graham Diguiseppi
• 金额: $ 4.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2023-05-20
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10398002
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Age; Award; California; Characteristics; Childhood; Data Analyses; Data Analytics; Data Set; Development; Drops; Employment; Fellowship; Health; Health behavior; Homeless Youth; Homelessness; Housing; Individual; Insurance; Insurance Coverage; Intake; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Life; Literature; Logistics; Los Angeles; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; National Research Service Awards; Outcome; Participant; Population; Population Characteristics; Prevalence; Qualitative Methods; Reporting; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Services; Shelter facility; Specific qualifier value; Substance Use Disorder; Surveys; Time; Training; Transportation; Trauma; Treatment outcome; United States; Vulnerable Populations; Work; Youth; abuse neglect; age group; aged; barrier to care; biopsychosocial; career; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; experience; high risk; housing instability; improved; individualized medicine; interest; minority children; peer influence; pre-doctoral; prevent; protective factors; psychosocial; recruit; reduced substance use; secondary analysis; service providers; sexual victimization; skills; substance use; substance use treatment; success; systematic review; theories; treatment services; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT In the United States, it is estimated that 1 in 30 adolescents and 1 in 10 young (“emerging”) adults experienced homelessness in the past year. Collectively, youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) are a highly vulnerable population who are at high risk of experiencing multiple negative health and psychosocial outcomes. In particular, the prevalence of substance use and substance use disorders among YEH is exceedingly high. Despite this, only a minority of YEH with substance use disorders have received some form of substance use treatment. This may be due to multiple barriers to receiving treatment, including lack of perceived need, transportation and logistical difficulties, and lack of insurance or ability to pay. For YEH who do receive substance use treatment, research indicates that a variety of substance use interventions may be effective, although research to date has largely been conducted in drop-in center and shelter settings. There is little research available that uses nationwide treatment data sets or qualitative methods to describe the unique characteristics or treatment outcomes of YEH. The proposed dissertation research uses an ecological- developmental approach to investigate these issues among emerging adults (18-25) experiencing homelessness. This age group makes up 89% of YEH in the U.S. Developmental theory such as the Risk Amplification Model posits that YEH have experienced multiple adversities before and after becoming homeless, and that these adversities are associated with risky health behaviors and harmful developmental outcomes. Furthermore, the Theory of Emerging Adulthood posits that the young adult years (ages 18-25) are a period characterized by greater independence, instability, and opportunity to prepare for adult roles. Emerging adult factors such as greater independence and peer influences have been used to explain heightened substance use during this stage. However, emerging adulthood theory has rarely been used to inform research with YEH. The proposed research has three aims. Aims 1 and 2 will utilize quantitative analysis of a nationwide treatment data set (the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs). Aim 1 will describe the prevalence of recent homelessness and identify the unique characteristics of emerging adults experiencing homelessness in substance use treatment. Aim 2 will examine longitudinal associations between housing stability, ecological-developmental factors, and substance use outcomes during and after substance use treatment. Aim 3 will utilize in-depth qualitative interviews with emerging adult YEH who meet substance use disorder criteria (n = 10) and homeless youth service providers (n = 10) in Los Angeles, California. Together, this research will expand knowledge regarding the needs, characteristics and substance use outcomes of emerging adult YEH in treatment, allowing for the development of tailored treatment and housing interventions. In addition, the PI will receive training in advanced longitudinal data analysis, mixed-methods research, experience with homeless emerging adult populations, and professional development.

项目总结/摘要 在美国，据估计，每30名青少年中就有1名和每10名年轻（“新兴”）成年人中就有1名经历过 无家可归的人在过去的一年里总体而言，无家可归的青年是一个非常脆弱的群体， 这些群体面临着经历多种负面健康和心理社会后果的高风险。在 特别是，青少年吸毒和吸毒障碍的流行率极高。 尽管如此，只有少数患有物质使用障碍的青年人接受了某种形式的物质使用 治疗这可能是由于在接受治疗方面存在多种障碍，包括缺乏感知的需要， 运输和后勤困难，缺乏保险或支付能力。对于那些谁接受 物质使用治疗，研究表明，各种物质使用干预措施可能是有效的， 尽管迄今为止的研究主要是在救助中心和收容所进行的。几乎没有 使用全国范围的治疗数据集或定性方法来描述独特的 YEH的特征或治疗结果。本论文的研究采用了生态- 发展的方法来调查这些问题的新兴成年人（18-25）经历 无家可归在美国风险等发展理论中，这个年龄段的人占YEH的89% 放大模型假设，YEH在成为 无家可归，这些逆境与危险的健康行为和有害的发展有关。 结果。此外，成人初显理论认为，年轻的成年人年龄（18-25岁）是 一个以更大的独立性、不稳定性和为成年人角色做准备的机会为特征的时期。 新兴的成人因素，如更大的独立性和同伴的影响，已被用来解释 在这个阶段使用的药物增加。然而，新兴成年理论很少被用于 与YEH一起进行研究。这项研究有三个目的。目标1和2将利用定量 分析全国治疗数据集（个人需求全球评估）。目标1将描述 最近无家可归的普遍性，并确定新出现的成年人的独特特征， 物质使用治疗中的无家可归。目标2将研究住房之间的纵向关联 稳定性、生态发展因素和物质使用期间和之后的物质使用结果 治疗目标3将利用深入的定性访谈与新兴的成人叶谁满足物质使用 疾病标准（n = 10）和无家可归的青年服务提供者（n = 10）在洛杉矶，加州。在一起， 这项研究将扩大有关的需求，特点和物质使用的结果， 新出现的成人青少年高血压患者的治疗，允许制定有针对性的治疗和住房干预措施。 此外，PI将接受高级纵向数据分析，混合方法研究， 与无家可归的新兴成年人口和专业发展的经验。

项目成果

Sex differences in poly-victimization among youth experiencing homelessness prior to substance use treatment.

在使用药物治疗之前，在无家可归的年轻人中，多性恶性化的性别差异。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105670
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: DiGuiseppi, Graham T.;Ring, Colin R.;Rice, Eric R.;Davis, Jordan P.
• 通讯作者: Davis, Jordan P.

Comparing the effectiveness of three substance use interventions for youth with and without homelessness experiences prior to treatment.

• DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000704
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
• 影响因子: 5.9
• 作者: DiGuiseppi, Graham T;Tucker, Joan S;Prindle, John J;Henwood, Benjamin F;Huey, Stanley J;Rice, Eric R;Davis, Jordan P
• 通讯作者: Davis, Jordan P