Towards a unified framework for dopamine signaling in the striatum

项目摘要 动物，包括人类，通过自我产生和持续的行为与环境相互作用， 使他们能够探索并随后体验其行为的积极和消极后果。 由于它们与环境的相互作用，动物改变了它们未来的行为，通常是在某种程度上， 最大化积极结果和最小化消极结果。此外，动物如何与其 环境和它选择的行动取决于它当前的环境，它过去的经验， 环境，以及它的内部状态。因此，动物所采取的行动是动态的和进化的， 行为适应的必要条件。人们认为，无论是行动的执行，特别是目标导向 行动，以及对行动结果的未来行为的修改，在进化上取决于 大脑的旧部分叫做基底神经节。在基底神经节内，产生多巴胺的细胞有一个 对行为的深刻影响，包括人类行为，他们的活动似乎编码的特点， 环境和动物经验对于指导目标导向行为很重要。我们带来了 一组实验和计算神经生物学家一起来了解这些多巴胺- 产生细胞调节行为和基底神经节回路。我们将使用统一的理论和模型， 整合了在许多行为类别上获得的信息。完成拟议的工作，包括 技术进步和生物学发现，将为未来分析相关电路提供一个平台， 包括人类在内的许多物种的行为。

Project abstract Animals, including humans, interact with their environment via self-generated and continuous actions that enable them to explore and subsequently experience the positive and negative consequences of their actions. As a result of their interactions with the environment, animals alter their future behavior, typically in a manner that maximizes positive and minimizes negative outcomes. Furthermore, how an animal interacts with its environment and the actions that it chooses depend on its current environment, its past experience in that environment, as well as its internal state. Thus, the actions taken by an animal are dynamic and evolving, as necessary for behavioral adaptation. It is thought that both the execution of actions, in particular goal-oriented actions, and the modification of future behavior in response to the outcome of actions, depend on evolutionarily old parts of the brain called the basal ganglia. Within the basal ganglia, cells that produce dopamine have a profound influence on behavior, including human behavior, and their activity appears to encode for features of the environment and animal experience that are important for directing goal-oriented behavior. Here we bring together a team of experimental and computational neurobiologists to understand how these dopamine- producing cells modulate behavior and basal ganglia circuitry. We will use unifying theories and models to integrate information acquired over many classes of behavior. Completing the proposed work, including the technical advances and biological discoveries, will provide a platform for future analyses of related circuitry and behaviors in many species, including humans.