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Elucidating how drought stress reprograms genome activity

阐明干旱胁迫如何重新编程基因组活性

基本信息

批准号：
10229336
负责人：
Charles Anthony Seller
金额：
$ 6.64万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-06-01 至 2023-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10229336
关键词：
Abscisic Acid Address Anabolism Biological Biological Assay Biological Models Biology Biophysics Biosensor Cell Nucleolus Cells Chromatin Chromatin Structure Confocal Microscopy DNA Data Set Dehydration Development Dimensions Droughts Environment Eukaryota Exhibits Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Frequencies Future Gene Activation Gene Expression Genes Genetic Genetic Models Genetic Screening Genetic Transcription Genome Genomics Growth Health Histones Homeostasis Homologous Gene Hormones Hour Human Image Impairment Knowledge Libraries Life Style Liquid substance Logic Mediating MicroRNAs Molecular Mouse-ear Cress Multigene Family Nuclear Nuclear Structure Nucleic Acid Regulatory Sequences Nucleosomes Optics Organism Pathway interactions Physiological Physiology Plant Genome Plant Model Plant Roots Plants Property RNA RNA interference screen Regulation Reproduction Research Resistance Resolution Ribosomal RNA Role Severities Signal Pathway Signal Transduction Soil Source Stress System Testing Thinking Time Tissues Work base biological adaptation to stress cell type climate change confocal imaging differential expression experience experimental study genome-wide genomic data hormonal signals improved mutant novel nutrition plant growth/development programs response screening transcription factor transcriptional reprogramming transcriptome

项目摘要

Project Summary Organisms evolved to survive and reproduce in an environment that changes along many dimensions. As a consequence, genomes respond to environmental stress through major alterations in gene expression. In eukaryotes, environmental and developmental signals interact with the genome through chromatin, thus understanding the role of chromatin structure in the activation of stress dependent gene expression programs is crucial. Therefore, we need new studies dissecting the mechanisms controlling stress responses that are well grounded in organismal physiology. Plants provide a unique opportunity to address this issue. To support a sessile lifestyle, plants evolved sophisticated mechanisms to adjust their growth and physiology to confront environmental challenges such as drought, a major limitation on plant growth. Importantly, both the frequency and severity of droughts will likely increase in the near future due to climate change. In dry soil plant cells experience osmotic stress which triggers the differential expression of thousands of genes, a reprogramming of gene expression known as the osmotic stress response. Stressed plant tissues accumulate the hormone abscisic acid (ABA), and ABA signaling further coordinates drought stress transcriptional responses. Despite the massive scale of these transcriptional changes we know little about their accompanying regulation by chromatin structure nor is it clear how ABA hormone signaling is integrated into the larger osmotic stress response. Additionally, our knowledge of the transcriptional regulators mediating the osmotic stress response is far from complete. Using the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana, a powerful genetic model system, the proposed research will uncover the regulatory program mediating the response to osmotic stress in plant roots. The specific aims of the proposal are: (1) To test if osmotic stress driven changes in chromatin structure prime the genome for subsequent stress hormone induced gene expression using cell type specific genomics. (2) To carry out a focused RNAi screen to identify novel transcriptional regulators functioning in the osmotic stress response. (3) To directly visualize the impact of osmotic stress on nuclear structure and dynamics using confocal microscopy on live plant roots.

项目总结