A trauma informed intervention to improve mental health and school success for urban eighth graders - supplement

摘要。2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）严重影响了青少年的生活， 对整个生命过程中的健康和福祉具有潜在的负面影响。这些影响 对于低收入的有色人种青少年来说尤其明显，他们不成比例地暴露在压力之下 与流行病有关的创伤，如家庭疾病、学校中断、粮食不安全， 财政紧张这些接触可能会加剧心理健康方面先前存在的不平等，使低- 有色人种收入青年出现心理健康问题的风险增加。我们必须确定干预措施， 并支持在当前危机期间和之后改善弱势青少年的心理健康。到 为了实现这一目标，本竞争修订版将利用现有的母研究（IES R305A160082/ 1RO 1HD 090022，PI：Mendelson），一项旨在测试创伤知情的普遍干预的影响的疗效试验 名为RAP俱乐部的心理健康结果，主要是黑人8年级学生在低收入的城市 社区.参与者是从29所城市公立学校招募的， 4年（第1 - 4组）。八年级期间的三次学生和教师评估和一次后续评估 九年级学生评估提供了青少年心理健康的多水平纵向数据， 青少年心理健康的个体、家庭、同伴、学校和邻里危险因素及保护因素。这 紧急的竞争性修订将通过收集新的定量和定性数据来扩展母试验， 新冠肺炎。本研究将在不进行任何面对面接触的情况下进行。我们将招收第2 - 4（n）组的学生 = 500），现在在9 - 11年级。我们将进行一项虚拟调查，以评估参与者的心理健康状况 在COVID-19期间，以及与COVID相关的经验。我们也会进行定性的电话采访 与一部分参与者及其照顾者一起了解青少年在COVID-19期间的经历， 更大的深度。该研究将：（1）测试RAP Club在COVID-19期间对青少年心理健康的影响， （2）确定预测青少年心理健康的纵向多水平风险和保护因素， COVID-19，控制干预组。将针对每个目标对调节者和调解者进行评估。我们将 评估心理健康的多个领域，包括情绪健康，并将使用地理信息 系统（GIS）数据，以探索邻里因素。这个项目代表了一个非凡的机会， 评估COVID-19对青少年心理健康的影响以及增加心理健康的潜在策略 在COVID-19期间及以后的健康。很少有心理健康干预研究收集了如此广泛的 在多个时间点对主要是黑人的低收入城市青少年样本进行多水平数据， 我们的知识评估了大流行期间的心理健康。这项研究将实质性地推进理论 并将为公共卫生实践和政策提供有关最佳做法的信息 支持弱势青少年的心理健康。

ABSTRACT. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has dramatically impacted the lives of adolescents, with potential negative implications for health and wellbeing across the life course. These impacts are particularly pronounced for low-income adolescents of color, who are disproportionately exposed to stresses and traumas associated with the pandemic, such as family illness, school disruption, food insecurity, and financial strain. These exposures are likely to exacerbate pre-existing inequities in mental health, putting low- income youth of color at increased risk for mental health problems. It is critical that we identify interventions and supports to improve mental health for vulnerable adolescents during and following the current crisis. To achieve that goal, this competitive revision will leverage an existing parent study (IES R305A160082 / 1RO1HD090022, PI: Mendelson), an efficacy trial to test the impact of a trauma-informed universal intervention called RAP Club on mental health outcomes for predominantly Black 8th grade students in low-income urban communities. Participants were recruited from 29 urban public schools, with separate cohorts enrolled each year for four years (Cohorts 1-4). Three student and teacher assessments during 8th grade and a follow-up student assessment during 9th grade provided multi-level longitudinal data on adolescent mental health and individual, family, peer, school and neighborhood risk and protective factors for adolescent mental health. This urgent competitive revision will extend the parent trial by collecting new quantitative and qualitative data during COVID-19. The study will be conducted without any in-person contact. We will enroll students in Cohorts 2-4 (n = 500) who are now in grades 9-11. We will administer a virtual survey to evaluate participants’ mental health during COVID-19, as well as COVID-related experiences. We will also conduct qualitative phone interviews with a subset of participants and their caretakers to understand adolescents’ experiences during COVID-19 in greater depth. The study will: (1) test the impact of RAP Club on adolescents’ mental health during COVID-19, and (2) identify longitudinal multi-level risk and protective factors that predict adolescent mental health during COVID-19, controlling for intervention arm. Moderators and mediators will be evaluated for each aim. We will assess multiple domains of mental health, including emotional wellness, and will use geographic information systems (GIS) data to explore neighborhood factors. This project represents an extraordinary opportunity to assess the impact of COVID-19 on adolescent mental health and potential strategies for increasing mental wellness during COVID-19 and beyond. Few mental health intervention studies have collected such extensive multi-level data on a primarily Black, low-income urban adolescent sample at multiple time points, and none to our knowledge have assessed mental health during a pandemic. The study will substantively advance theory and science on adolescent resilience and will inform public health practice and policy regarding best practices for supporting mental health in vulnerable adolescents.