Core B: Virology Core

项目总结-核心B：病毒学 人畜共患冠状病毒（CoV）是21世纪三大流行病/大流行病的罪魁祸首，包括 2003年的严重急性呼吸道冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）和中东呼吸道冠状病毒（MERS- CoV）在2012年。2019年12月，第三种新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2在中国武汉出现， 在18个月的时间里，在220多个国家， 国家这些病例中约有六分之一发生在美国，导致60多万人死亡。 值得关注的是，多种不同的SARS样和MERS样CoV毒株存在于蝙蝠和其他物种中， 这些疾病在未来可能会出现，这就迫切需要具有广泛保护性的疫苗。我们致力发展一个 泛β冠状病毒疫苗，将普遍保护免受病毒从肉瘤病毒，梅贝科病毒， 和恩贝可病毒亚属。核心B（病毒学，Baric）的目标是：i）提供组肉瘤病毒， 用于评估疫苗性能的人类疾病的猴病毒和恩贝病毒动物模型; ii） 开发反向遗传平台，重组病毒和动物模型，以其他高风险的人畜共患病 iii）评估病毒在扩大的SARS-CoV-22大流行中的演变，并创建适当的 评价泛β冠状病毒疫苗体内性能的试剂;和iv）评价机制 在同源（即，疫苗株）和异源 挑战.总体目标是确定高性能泛肉瘤病毒和泛β冠状病毒疫苗 在至少两种动物模型中提供稳健的保护性免疫应答的候选物。

PROJECT SUMMARY – CORE B: VIROLOGY Zoonotic coronaviruses (CoV) are responsible for three major epidemics/pandemics in the 21st century, including Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003 and Middle East Respiratory coronavirus (MERS- CoV) in 2012. In December 2019 a third novel coronavirus designated SARS-CoV-2 emerged in Wuhan China, and in the space of 18 months has caused over 170 million cases and 3,500,000 deaths in more than 220 countries. About one-sixth of these total cases have been reported in the US, resulting in over 600,000 deaths. Of concern, multiple distinct SARS-like and MERS-like CoV strains reside in bats and other species and are poised to emerge in the future, creating a critical need for broadly protective vaccines. We seek to develop a pan-betacoronavirus vaccine that will universally protect against viruses from the sarbecovirus, merbecovirus, and embecovirus subgenera. The goals of Core B (Virology, Baric) are to: i) provide group sarbecovirus, merbecovirus, and embecovirus animal models of human disease for evaluating vaccine performance; ii) develop reverse genetic platforms, recombinant viruses, and animal models to other high risk zoonotic coronaviruses; iii) evaluate virus evolution in the expanding SARS-CoV-22 pandemic and create appropriate reagents to evaluate pan-betacoronavirus vaccine performance in vivo; and iv) evaluate the mechanisms regulating protective or pathogenic immune responses after homologous (i.e., vaccine-strain) and heterologous challenge. The overall goal is to identify high-performance pan-sarbecovirus and pan-betacoronavirus vaccine candidates that provide robust protective immune responses in at least two animal models.