Elucidating mechanisms for enhanced anaerobic bioremediation in the presence of carbonaceous materials using an integrated material science and molecular microbial ecology approach

使用综合材料科学和分子微生物生态学方法阐明在碳质材料存在下增强厌氧生物修复的机制

• 批准号: 10322188
• 负责人: Timothy E. Mattes
• 金额: $ 29.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2026-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10322188
• 关键词: Address; Adsorption; Amendment; Anaerobic Bacteria; Bacteria; Behavior; Biodegradation; Bioremediations; Carbon; Charge; Data; Development; Ecology; Economics; Electron Transport; Engineering; Environment; Ethylenes; Exposure to; Fostering; Gene Expression; Goals; Growth Factor; Health; Human; In Situ; Individual; Industry; Knowledge; Lead; Mediation; Membrane; Metabolic; Metabolic Biotransformation; Methods; Microbe; Modeling; Molecular; Nutrient; Outcome; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Performance; Phase; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Polymers; Process; Production; Property; Research; Sampling; Shapes; Structure; Superfund; Surface; Surface Properties; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Toxic effect; aqueous; base; cofactor; dechlorination; dehalogenation; design; exposed human population; ground water; improved; innovation; materials science; member; microbial; microbial community; microbiota; microorganism; microorganism interaction; monomer; novel; pollutant; programs; remediation; response; success; superfund site; synergism; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY: Halogenated compounds, including legacy pollutants (e.g., chlorinated ethenes (CEs), polychlorinated biphenyls) and emerging contaminants (e.g., 1,2,3-trichloropropane), are frequently en- countered at Superfund sites. A common bioremediation strategy for halogenated pollutants in groundwater and sediments is anaerobic reductive dehalogenation by organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB). Although effective, OHRB-driven bioremediation strategies are often incomplete in field applications. An emerging reme- diation strategy involving amendment of pyrogenic carbonaceous matter (PCM; e.g., activated carbon (AC)) to the subsurface offers a potential solution to problems with OHRB-driven bioremediation. Recent research high- lights the potential for PCM to promote synergistic interactions among OHRB and the auxiliary microbial com- munity and subsequently improve OHRB-driven bioremediation efficacy. However, the underlying mechanisms of how PCM properties best support microbial network interactions, and thereby enhance OHRB performance and contaminant biodegradation remain unknown. These unknowns limit our ability to optimize OHRB perfor- mance in bioremediation strategies where PCM is used. This proposal is aimed at closing the knowledge gap concerning specific surface effects of PCM on the performance of pollutant-degrading microorganisms, espe- cially OHRB. The central hypothesis is that key PCM properties will shape microbial community structure and drive the expression of metabolic functions associated with reductive dehalogenation processes. Elucidat- ing positive impacts between PCM and OHRB will allow for the development of tailored PCM that foster syner- gistic microbial network interactions and facilitate more effective and sustainable bioremediation. The hypothe- sis is based on preliminary data showing that OHRB-driven CE biotransformation performance was improved in the presence of biochar, OHRB were attached to carbon surfaces, and that PCM-like tunable polymer net- works can be successfully synthesized. Guided by these preliminary data, we will test the hypothesis by 1) providing a tunable platform for synthesis of PCM-like polymer membranes where surface charge and redox- active properties are varied individually, 2) quantifying the effects of PCM surface properties on microbial net- work interactions and subsequent performance of an organohalide-respiring mixed culture and, 3) developing tailored PCM for enhanced anaerobic bioremediation and contaminant mixture retention and validating material performance in microcosms. The proposed research is innovative because we will use a tunable platform to change material surface properties and employ advanced molecular microbial ecology tools to assess the im- pacts of these properties on microbial community structure, function, and activity including OHRB. Outcomes of this project will benefit human health and realize economic benefits by reducing human exposure to halo- genated pollutants in the environment and demonstrating the potential for more effective and sustainable re- mediation approaches that combine tailored PCM and OHRB.

项目摘要：卤代化合物，包括遗留污染物(例如氯化乙烯 (CES、多氯联苯)和新出现的污染物(如1，2，3-三氯丙烷)经常被污染。 在超级基金网站上进行了反击。一种常见的地下水卤代污染物生物修复策略 沉积物是有机卤化物呼吸细菌(OHRB)的厌氧还原脱卤化作用。虽然 由人道协调厅主导的有效的生物修复战略在实地应用中往往是不完整的。一种新兴的宗教-- 辐射战略，包括将热源碳质(PCM；例如，活性碳(AC))修改为 地下为人道协调厅驱动的生物修复问题提供了一种潜在的解决方案。最近的研究表明- 揭示了PCM在促进OHRB和辅助微生物群之间协同作用方面的潜力 这将有助于建立社区，并随后提高人道协调厅推动的生物修复效果。然而，潜在的机制 PCM特性如何最好地支持微生物网络相互作用，从而提高OHRB的绩效 污染物的生物降解仍然未知。这些未知因素限制了我们优化人事厅绩效的能力- 在使用PCM的生物修复策略方面的优势。这项提议旨在缩小知识差距。 关于相变材料对污染物降解微生物性能的比表面效应，特别是- 实际上是人事厅。中心假设是，关键的PCM特性将塑造微生物群落结构和 推动与还原脱卤化过程相关的代谢功能的表达。埃鲁西达特- PCM和OHRB之间的积极影响将使定制PCM的发展成为可能，从而促进Syner- Gistic微生物网络相互作用，促进更有效和可持续的生物修复。假设- SIS是基于初步数据，这些数据表明OHRB驱动的CE生物转化性能得到了改善 在生物炭存在下，OHRB附着在碳表面，而类PCM可调聚合物网络- 作品可以成功合成。在这些初步数据的指导下，我们将通过1)检验假设 为合成类PCM聚合物膜提供了一个可调的平台，其中表面电荷和氧化还原- 活性性质是不同的，2)量化相变材料表面性质对微生物网络的影响。 有机卤化物-呼吸混合培养的工作相互作用和后续表现，3)发展 为增强厌氧生物修复和污染物混合物保留和验证材料量身定做的PCM 在微观世界中的表现。拟议的研究具有创新性，因为我们将使用可调平台来 改变材料表面性质，并利用先进的分子微生物生态学工具来评估材料的性能。 这些特性对微生物群落结构、功能和活动的影响，包括OHRB。结果 这一项目的实施将有益于人类健康，并通过减少人类对晕轮的接触而实现经济效益。 环境中的遗传污染物，并展示了更有效和可持续的再利用的潜力 将定制的PCM和OHRB相结合的调解方法。