Elucidating mechanisms for enhanced anaerobic bioremediation in the presence of carbonaceous materials using an integrated material science and molecular microbial ecology approach

使用综合材料科学和分子微生物生态学方法阐明在碳质材料存在下增强厌氧生物修复的机制

• 批准号: 10322188
• 负责人: Timothy E. Mattes
• 金额: $ 29.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2026-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10322188
• 关键词: Address; Adsorption; Amendment; Anaerobic Bacteria; Bacteria; Behavior; Biodegradation; Bioremediations; Carbon; Charge; Data; Development; Ecology; Economics; Electron Transport; Engineering; Environment; Ethylenes; Exposure to; Fostering; Gene Expression; Goals; Growth Factor; Health; Human; In Situ; Individual; Industry; Knowledge; Lead; Mediation; Membrane; Metabolic; Metabolic Biotransformation; Methods; Microbe; Modeling; Molecular; Nutrient; Outcome; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Performance; Phase; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Polymers; Process; Production; Property; Research; Sampling; Shapes; Structure; Superfund; Surface; Surface Properties; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Toxic effect; aqueous; base; cofactor; dechlorination; dehalogenation; design; exposed human population; ground water; improved; innovation; materials science; member; microbial; microbial community; microbiota; microorganism; microorganism interaction; monomer; novel; pollutant; programs; remediation; response; success; superfund site; synergism; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY: Halogenated compounds, including legacy pollutants (e.g., chlorinated ethenes (CEs), polychlorinated biphenyls) and emerging contaminants (e.g., 1,2,3-trichloropropane), are frequently en- countered at Superfund sites. A common bioremediation strategy for halogenated pollutants in groundwater and sediments is anaerobic reductive dehalogenation by organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB). Although effective, OHRB-driven bioremediation strategies are often incomplete in field applications. An emerging reme- diation strategy involving amendment of pyrogenic carbonaceous matter (PCM; e.g., activated carbon (AC)) to the subsurface offers a potential solution to problems with OHRB-driven bioremediation. Recent research high- lights the potential for PCM to promote synergistic interactions among OHRB and the auxiliary microbial com- munity and subsequently improve OHRB-driven bioremediation efficacy. However, the underlying mechanisms of how PCM properties best support microbial network interactions, and thereby enhance OHRB performance and contaminant biodegradation remain unknown. These unknowns limit our ability to optimize OHRB perfor- mance in bioremediation strategies where PCM is used. This proposal is aimed at closing the knowledge gap concerning specific surface effects of PCM on the performance of pollutant-degrading microorganisms, espe- cially OHRB. The central hypothesis is that key PCM properties will shape microbial community structure and drive the expression of metabolic functions associated with reductive dehalogenation processes. Elucidat- ing positive impacts between PCM and OHRB will allow for the development of tailored PCM that foster syner- gistic microbial network interactions and facilitate more effective and sustainable bioremediation. The hypothe- sis is based on preliminary data showing that OHRB-driven CE biotransformation performance was improved in the presence of biochar, OHRB were attached to carbon surfaces, and that PCM-like tunable polymer net- works can be successfully synthesized. Guided by these preliminary data, we will test the hypothesis by 1) providing a tunable platform for synthesis of PCM-like polymer membranes where surface charge and redox- active properties are varied individually, 2) quantifying the effects of PCM surface properties on microbial net- work interactions and subsequent performance of an organohalide-respiring mixed culture and, 3) developing tailored PCM for enhanced anaerobic bioremediation and contaminant mixture retention and validating material performance in microcosms. The proposed research is innovative because we will use a tunable platform to change material surface properties and employ advanced molecular microbial ecology tools to assess the im- pacts of these properties on microbial community structure, function, and activity including OHRB. Outcomes of this project will benefit human health and realize economic benefits by reducing human exposure to halo- genated pollutants in the environment and demonstrating the potential for more effective and sustainable re- mediation approaches that combine tailored PCM and OHRB.

项目摘要：卤化化合物，包括遗留污染物（例如氯化乙烯） （CE）、多氯联苯）和新出现的污染物（例如 1,2,3-三氯丙烷）经常被 超级基金网站对此进行了反驳。地下水卤化污染物的常见生物修复策略 沉积物是有机卤化物呼吸细菌（OHRB）的厌氧还原脱卤作用。虽然 OHRB 驱动的有效生物修复策略在现场应用中通常是不完整的。一个新兴的记忆 涉及修正热解碳质物质（PCM；例如活性炭（AC））的膨胀策略 地下为 OHRB 驱动的生物修复问题提供了潜在的解决方案。近期研究高 点亮了 PCM 促进 OHRB 和辅助微生物组分之间协同相互作用的潜力 社区并随后提高 OHRB 驱动的生物修复功效。然而，底层机制 PCM 特性如何最好地支持微生物网络相互作用，从而提高 OHRB 性能 污染物的生物降解仍然未知。这些未知因素限制了我们优化 OHRB 绩效的能力 使用 PCM 的生物修复策略中的曼斯。该提案旨在缩小知识差距 关于 PCM 对污染物降解微生物性能的特定表面效应，特别是 特别是 OHRB。中心假设是关键的 PCM 特性将塑造微生物群落结构和 驱动与还原脱卤过程相关的代谢功能的表达。阐明- PCM 和 OHRB 之间的积极影响将有助于开发定制的 PCM，从而促进协同作用 主要微生物网络相互作用，促进更有效和可持续的生物修复。假设- sis 基于初步数据，表明 OHRB 驱动的 CE 生物转化性能得到改善 在生物炭存在的情况下，OHRB 附着在碳表面，并且类似 PCM 的可调谐聚合物网络- 作品可以成功合成。在这些初步数据的指导下，我们将通过 1) 检验假设 为类 PCM 聚合物膜的合成提供可调平台，其中表面电荷和氧化还原 活性特性各不相同，2) 量化 PCM 表面特性对微生物网络的影响 有机卤化物呼吸混合培养物的工作相互作用和后续表现，3) 开发 定制 PCM，用于增强厌氧生物修复和污染物混合物保留以及验证材料 微观世界的表现。拟议的研究具有创新性，因为我们将使用可调平台来 改变材料表面特性并采用先进的分子微生物生态学工具来评估IM- 这些特性对微生物群落结构、功能和活动（包括 OHRB）的影响。结果 该项目将通过减少人类对光环的接触，造福人类健康并实现经济效益。 环境中产生的污染物，并展示了更有效和可持续的再利用潜力 结合定制的 PCM 和 OHRB 的调解方法。