Elucidating mechanisms for enhanced anaerobic bioremediation in the presence of carbonaceous materials using an integrated material science and molecular microbial ecology approach

使用综合材料科学和分子微生物生态学方法阐明在碳质材料存在下增强厌氧生物修复的机制

• 批准号: 10322188
• 负责人: Timothy E. Mattes
• 金额: $ 29.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2026-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10322188
• 关键词: Address; Adsorption; Amendment; Anaerobic Bacteria; Bacteria; Behavior; Biodegradation; Bioremediations; Carbon; Charge; Data; Development; Ecology; Economics; Electron Transport; Engineering; Environment; Ethylenes; Exposure to; Fostering; Gene Expression; Goals; Growth Factor; Health; Human; In Situ; Individual; Industry; Knowledge; Lead; Mediation; Membrane; Metabolic; Metabolic Biotransformation; Methods; Microbe; Modeling; Molecular; Nutrient; Outcome; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Performance; Phase; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Polymers; Process; Production; Property; Research; Sampling; Shapes; Structure; Superfund; Surface; Surface Properties; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Toxic effect; aqueous; base; cofactor; dechlorination; dehalogenation; design; exposed human population; ground water; improved; innovation; materials science; member; microbial; microbial community; microbiota; microorganism; microorganism interaction; monomer; novel; pollutant; programs; remediation; response; success; superfund site; synergism; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY: Halogenated compounds, including legacy pollutants (e.g., chlorinated ethenes (CEs), polychlorinated biphenyls) and emerging contaminants (e.g., 1,2,3-trichloropropane), are frequently en- countered at Superfund sites. A common bioremediation strategy for halogenated pollutants in groundwater and sediments is anaerobic reductive dehalogenation by organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB). Although effective, OHRB-driven bioremediation strategies are often incomplete in field applications. An emerging reme- diation strategy involving amendment of pyrogenic carbonaceous matter (PCM; e.g., activated carbon (AC)) to the subsurface offers a potential solution to problems with OHRB-driven bioremediation. Recent research high- lights the potential for PCM to promote synergistic interactions among OHRB and the auxiliary microbial com- munity and subsequently improve OHRB-driven bioremediation efficacy. However, the underlying mechanisms of how PCM properties best support microbial network interactions, and thereby enhance OHRB performance and contaminant biodegradation remain unknown. These unknowns limit our ability to optimize OHRB perfor- mance in bioremediation strategies where PCM is used. This proposal is aimed at closing the knowledge gap concerning specific surface effects of PCM on the performance of pollutant-degrading microorganisms, espe- cially OHRB. The central hypothesis is that key PCM properties will shape microbial community structure and drive the expression of metabolic functions associated with reductive dehalogenation processes. Elucidat- ing positive impacts between PCM and OHRB will allow for the development of tailored PCM that foster syner- gistic microbial network interactions and facilitate more effective and sustainable bioremediation. The hypothe- sis is based on preliminary data showing that OHRB-driven CE biotransformation performance was improved in the presence of biochar, OHRB were attached to carbon surfaces, and that PCM-like tunable polymer net- works can be successfully synthesized. Guided by these preliminary data, we will test the hypothesis by 1) providing a tunable platform for synthesis of PCM-like polymer membranes where surface charge and redox- active properties are varied individually, 2) quantifying the effects of PCM surface properties on microbial net- work interactions and subsequent performance of an organohalide-respiring mixed culture and, 3) developing tailored PCM for enhanced anaerobic bioremediation and contaminant mixture retention and validating material performance in microcosms. The proposed research is innovative because we will use a tunable platform to change material surface properties and employ advanced molecular microbial ecology tools to assess the im- pacts of these properties on microbial community structure, function, and activity including OHRB. Outcomes of this project will benefit human health and realize economic benefits by reducing human exposure to halo- genated pollutants in the environment and demonstrating the potential for more effective and sustainable re- mediation approaches that combine tailored PCM and OHRB.

项目摘要：卤化化合物，包括遗留污染物（例如，氯化乙烯 (CEs)多氯联苯）和新出现的污染物（例如，1，2，3-三氯丙烷），经常被- 在超级基金网站上进行反击。地下水中卤代污染物的常见生物修复策略 沉积物是由有机卤化物呼吸菌（OHRB）进行的厌氧还原脱卤。虽然 有效的、由人力资源管理局推动的生物补救战略在实地应用中往往不完整。一个新兴的reme- 涉及热解含碳物质（PCM;例如，活性炭（AC） 地下为OHRB驱动的生物修复问题提供了潜在的解决方案。最近的研究很高- 阐明了PCM促进OHRB和辅助微生物COM之间协同作用的潜力， 社区，并随后提高OHRB驱动的生物修复功效。然而，潜在的机制 PCM特性如何最好地支持微生物网络相互作用，从而提高OHRB的性能 和污染物的生物降解仍然未知。这些未知因素限制了我们优化人力厅业绩的能力， 在使用PCM的生物修复策略中，这项建议旨在缩小知识差距 关于PCM对污染物降解微生物性能的特定表面效应，特别是 人力厅。核心假设是关键的PCM特性将塑造微生物群落结构， 驱动与还原脱卤过程相关的代谢功能的表达。Elucidat- PCM和OHRB之间的积极影响将有助于开发量身定制的PCM，以促进同步 gistic微生物网络相互作用和促进更有效和可持续的生物修复。皮下组织- SIS基于初步数据，显示OHRB驱动CE生物转化性能得到改善 在生物炭存在下，OHRB附着在碳表面，并且PCM样可调聚合物网- 可以成功合成。在这些初步数据的指导下，我们将通过1） 提供了一个可调的平台，用于合成PCM样聚合物膜，其中表面电荷和氧化还原- 活性特性是不同的，2）量化PCM表面性能对微生物网的影响， 有机卤化物呼吸混合培养物的工作相互作用和随后的性能，以及3）开发 定制PCM，用于增强厌氧生物修复和污染物混合物保留和验证材料 微观世界的表现。拟议的研究是创新的，因为我们将使用一个可调平台， 改变材料表面特性，并采用先进的分子微生物生态学工具来评估这些缺陷， 这些特性对微生物群落结构、功能和活性的影响，包括OHRB。成果 该项目的实施将有利于人类健康，并通过减少人类对晕的暴露来实现经济效益- 环境中产生的污染物，并展示更有效和可持续的再生能源的潜力， 将方案管理司和人力资源管理厅结合起来的联合收割机调解办法。