Early Signals of Inattention in Neonates and Infants at Familial Risk for ADHD

有 ADHD 家族风险的新生儿和婴儿注意力不集中的早期信号

• 批准号: 10322713
• 负责人: Heather Marie Joseph
• 金额: $ 18.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10322713
• 关键词: 3 year old; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Age-Months; Age-Years; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Birth; Child; Child Behavior; Child Rearing; Childhood; Cognitive; Data; Development; Dimensions; Disease; Early Intervention; Early identification; Economic Burden; Environment; Evaluation; Fathers; Foundations; Goals; Heritability; Impaired health; Impairment; Individual; Infant; Infant Development; Infrastructure; Institutionalized Child; Intervention; Joints; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Length; Life; Literature; Measurement; Measures; Mental disorders; Mentors; Mentorship; National Institute of Mental Health; Neonatal; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurologic; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Parents; Patient Recruitments; Performance; Physicians; Predictive Value; Reaction Time; Reading; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Resources; Risk; School-Age Population; Schools; Seminal; Signal Transduction; Social Environment; Specialist; Statistical Methods; Stimulus; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Toddler; Training; Universities; Visual; Visual attention; Work; aged; attentional control; behavioral outcome; career; clinical predictors; cognitive development; cognitive function; computerized; course development; developmental disease; executive function; functional outcomes; gaze; habituation; high risk; improved functioning; inattention; indexing; infancy; insight; intergenerational; joint attention; longitudinal analysis; longitudinal course; neonatal period; neonate; neurobehavioral; novel; offspring; parental influence; prevent; prospective; sample fixation; skills; social; transmission process

Project Summary/Abstract Dr. Joseph’s long-term goal is to become an independent physician-investigator specializing in identification of neonatal and infant precursors to the development of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and early interventions aimed at preventing symptom expression in children at risk for ADHD. She has expertise in assessment and treatment of ADHD from childhood to adulthood. This K23 career development award will allow her to emerge as one of the few physician-investigators prepared to evaluate neonates and infants at risk for developmental disorders. In recent work Dr. Joseph evaluated child behaviors among preschool-aged children born to fathers with and without childhood ADHD. She found that children at familial risk for ADHD were observed to have dysregulated behavior as early as 3 years of age, a potential indicator of the eventual development of ADHD. To study earlier precursors of ADHD, Dr. Joseph aims to receive training in (1) the longitudinal course of childhood ADHD including the variability in ADHD symptoms over time and range of functional outcomes (2) the cognitive development of attention from birth through childhood to understand how inattention in infancy may serve as an early indicator of atypical development; and (3) advanced statistical methods in the analysis of longitudinal data. These aims will be accomplished through a combination of coursework, directed readings, and tutorials. Dr. Joseph’s mentorship team is comprised of Drs. Brooke Molina (primary mentor), a leader in the field of ADHD specializing in course and outcomes for individuals with the disorder, Jana Iverson (co-mentor), an expert in atypical development and identification of infants at-risk for neurodevelopmental disorders, and Erik Thiessen (secondary mentor), a specialist in the cognitive development in infancy, along with knowledgeable consultants with complementary skill sets. The University of Pittsburgh offers a strong research environment in which to train with supports for professional development and infrastructure to aid in participant recruitment. Offspring (N=100), half with a parent with ADHD, will be assessed serially as neonates (brith-1 month) and infants (8-10 months) with parent reported behavior collected in toddlerhood (18 months) to compare indices of attention in offspring at high vs. low risk for ADHD (Aim 1) and evaluate neonate and infant indices of attention as predictors of toddler attention (Aim 2). Parent’s joint attention with their infant will be examined in relation to parent ADHD status and offspring attention in toddlerhood (Aim 3). Data from this project may provide initial evidence for the utility of novel early markers of childhood inattention detectable in the first year of life, a critical step towards early identification and intervention for childhood ADHD. The proposed study aligns with NIMH strategic objective 2 to chart mental illness trajectories including characterization of developmental dimensions in behavior to determine optimal timing of intervention.

项目概要/摘要 约瑟夫博士的长期目标是成为一名独立的医师研究员，专门从事以下方面的鉴定： 新生儿和婴儿是注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 和早期发展的前兆 旨在预防有注意力缺陷多动症风险的儿童出现症状的干预措施。她拥有以下专业知识 从儿童期到成年期的多动症评估和治疗。这个K23职业发展奖将 让她成为为数不多的准备评估高危新生儿和婴儿的医生调查员之一 用于发育障碍。在最近的工作中，约瑟夫博士评估了学龄前儿童的行为 患有或不患有儿童多动症的父亲所生的孩子。她发现儿童有患多动症的家族风险 早在 3 岁时就观察到行为失调，这是最终的潜在指标 多动症的发展。为了研究多动症的早期前兆，约瑟夫博士的目标是接受以下方面的培训：(1) 儿童多动症的纵向病程，包括多动症症状随时间和范围的变化 功能结果 (2) 从出生到童年的注意力认知发展，了解如何 婴儿期注意力不集中可能是发育异常的早期指标； (3) 高级统计 纵向数据分析方法。这些目标将通过以下措施的结合来实现： 课程作业、定向阅读和教程。约瑟夫博士的导师团队由博士组成。布鲁克·莫利纳 （主要导师），多动症领域的领导者，专门研究患有多动症的个人的课程和结果 贾娜·艾弗森（Jana Iverson）（共同导师），非典型发育和识别有患病风险的婴儿的专家 神经发育障碍和 Erik Thiessen（二级导师），认知学专家 婴儿期的发展，以及具有互补技能的知识渊博的顾问。大学 匹兹堡提供强大的研究环境，为专业发展提供培训支持 以及帮助招募参与者的基础设施。后代（N = 100），其中一半父母患有多动症，将 根据父母报告的行为对新生儿（出生后 1 个月）和婴儿（8-10 个月）进行连续评估 在幼儿期（18 个月）收集数据，比较 ADHD 高风险和低风险后代的注意力指数 （目标 1）并评估新生儿和婴儿的注意力指数作为幼儿注意力的预测因子（目标 2）。父母 将检查与婴儿的共同注意力与父母多动症状态和后代注意力的关系 幼儿期（目标 3）。该项目的数据可能为新型早期标记物的实用性提供初步证据。 儿童注意力不集中在生命的第一年就可以被发现，这是早期识别和治疗的关键一步 儿童多动症的干预。拟议的研究与 NIMH 战略目标 2 一致，绘制心理图表 疾病轨迹，包括行为发展维度的特征以确定最佳 干预的时机。