Early Signals of Inattention in Neonates and Infants at Familial Risk for ADHD

有 ADHD 家族风险的新生儿和婴儿注意力不集中的早期信号

• 批准号: 10543469
• 负责人: Heather Marie Joseph
• 金额: $ 18.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10543469
• 关键词: 3 year old; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Age Months; Age Years; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Birth; Child; Child Behavior; Child Rearing; Childhood; Cognitive; Data; Development; Dimensions; Disease; Early Intervention; Early identification; Economic Burden; Education; Environment; Equation; Evaluation; Fathers; Foundations; Goals; Heritability; Impaired health; Impairment; Individual; Infant; Infant Development; Infrastructure; Institutionalized Child; Intervention; Joints; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Length; Life; Literature; Measurement; Measures; Mental disorders; Mentors; Mentorship; National Institute of Mental Health; Neonatal; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurologic; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Parents; Patient Recruitments; Performance; Physicians; Predictive Value; Reaction Time; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Resources; Risk; School-Age Population; Schools; Seminal; Signal Transduction; Social Environment; Specialist; Statistical Methods; Stimulus; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Toddler; Training; Universities; Visual; Visual attention; Work; attentional control; behavioral outcome; career; clinical predictors; cognitive development; cognitive function; computerized; course development; developmental disease; executive function; functional improvement; functional outcomes; gaze; habituation; high risk; inattention; indexing; infancy; insight; intergenerational; joint attention; longitudinal analysis; longitudinal course; neonatal period; neonate; neurobehavioral; neurodevelopment; novel; offspring; parental influence; prevent; prospective; risk mitigation; sample fixation; skills; social; transmission process

Project Summary/Abstract Dr. Joseph’s long-term goal is to become an independent physician-investigator specializing in identification of neonatal and infant precursors to the development of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and early interventions aimed at preventing symptom expression in children at risk for ADHD. She has expertise in assessment and treatment of ADHD from childhood to adulthood. This K23 career development award will allow her to emerge as one of the few physician-investigators prepared to evaluate neonates and infants at risk for developmental disorders. In recent work Dr. Joseph evaluated child behaviors among preschool-aged children born to fathers with and without childhood ADHD. She found that children at familial risk for ADHD were observed to have dysregulated behavior as early as 3 years of age, a potential indicator of the eventual development of ADHD. To study earlier precursors of ADHD, Dr. Joseph aims to receive training in (1) the longitudinal course of childhood ADHD including the variability in ADHD symptoms over time and range of functional outcomes (2) the cognitive development of attention from birth through childhood to understand how inattention in infancy may serve as an early indicator of atypical development; and (3) advanced statistical methods in the analysis of longitudinal data. These aims will be accomplished through a combination of coursework, directed readings, and tutorials. Dr. Joseph’s mentorship team is comprised of Drs. Brooke Molina (primary mentor), a leader in the field of ADHD specializing in course and outcomes for individuals with the disorder, Jana Iverson (co-mentor), an expert in atypical development and identification of infants at-risk for neurodevelopmental disorders, and Erik Thiessen (secondary mentor), a specialist in the cognitive development in infancy, along with knowledgeable consultants with complementary skill sets. The University of Pittsburgh offers a strong research environment in which to train with supports for professional development and infrastructure to aid in participant recruitment. Offspring (N=100), half with a parent with ADHD, will be assessed serially as neonates (brith-1 month) and infants (8-10 months) with parent reported behavior collected in toddlerhood (18 months) to compare indices of attention in offspring at high vs. low risk for ADHD (Aim 1) and evaluate neonate and infant indices of attention as predictors of toddler attention (Aim 2). Parent’s joint attention with their infant will be examined in relation to parent ADHD status and offspring attention in toddlerhood (Aim 3). Data from this project may provide initial evidence for the utility of novel early markers of childhood inattention detectable in the first year of life, a critical step towards early identification and intervention for childhood ADHD. The proposed study aligns with NIMH strategic objective 2 to chart mental illness trajectories including characterization of developmental dimensions in behavior to determine optimal timing of intervention.

项目摘要/摘要 约瑟夫博士的长期目标是成为专门识别的独立物理评估者 新生儿和婴儿的前体，发展注意力缺陷/多动症（ADHD）和早期 旨在防止患有多动症风险的儿童表达的干预措施。她有专业知识 从童年到成年的多动症评估和治疗。这个K23职业发展奖将 让她成为准备评估有风险的新生儿和婴儿的少数物理评估者之一 用于发育障碍。在最近的工作中，约瑟夫博士评估了学龄前儿童的儿童行为 有和没有童年多动症的父亲出生的孩子。她发现有多动症的家庭风险 观察到最早3岁的行为失调，这是事件的潜在指标 多动症的开发。为了研究ADHD的早期前体，约瑟夫博士的目标是接受（1） 儿童时期纵向多动症的纵向过程，包括随时间和范围的多动症症状的变异性 功能结果（2）从出生到童年的认知能力发展，以了解如何了解 婴儿期的不集中可能是非典型发展的早期指标； （3）高级统计 纵向数据分析的方法。这些目标将通过结合 课程工作，定向阅读和教程。约瑟夫博士的Mentalship团队完成了Drs。布鲁克·莫利纳（Brooke Molina） （主要导师），专门研究ADHD领域的领导者， 疾病，贾娜·艾弗森（Jana Iverson）（联盟），非典型发育专家和婴儿身高的鉴定 神经发育障碍和认知专家Erik Thiessen（次要导师） 婴儿期的发展，以及知识渊博的顾问，拥有完整的技能。大学 匹兹堡提供了一个强大的研究环境，可以为专业发展提供支持 和基础设施以帮助参与者招聘。后代（n = 100），一半的父母为ADHD，将是 用父母报告的行为串行评估为新生儿（Brith-1个月）和婴儿（8-10个月） 在幼儿园中收集（18个月），以比较高和低风险的后代的关注指标 （AIM 1）并评估关注的新生儿和婴儿指数作为幼儿注意的预测指标（AIM 2）。父母 与婴儿的共同关注将与父母的多动症状态有关，并在 幼儿园（目标3）。该项目的数据可能为新颖早期标记的实用性提供初步证据 在生命的第一年中可检测到的童年不专心，这是迈向早期识别的关键一步 童年多动症的干预。拟议的研究与NIMH战略目标2一致以绘制精神 疾病轨迹包括行为中发展维度的表征以确定最佳 干预时间。