Caregiver Speech and Brain-Behavior Development in Infants At-Risk for ASD

项目总结 自闭症谱系障碍高危婴儿的照顾者言语和脑行为发育 自闭症谱系障碍的决定性症状只有在最初的症状前期 生命的第一年。对于婴儿来说，生命的第一年也是一个巨大的成长和神经可塑性的时期 大脑。拟议的纵向研究的总体目标是启用并通知症状前婴儿 通过检查婴儿发声、照顾者言语和儿童语言之间的关系来干预自闭症 自闭症家族高危婴儿的脑行为发育。从概念上讲，该项目侧重于 照顾者讲话对婴儿发育的潜在保护作用。这项拟议的研究是对 以及与IBIS网络的合作-早期预测研究，这是一项由NIH赞助的对250名高龄婴儿的研究 自闭症的家族风险。研究中的所有婴儿都有一个患有自闭症的哥哥姐姐。这些高危婴儿有一种 患自闭症的概率为20%。 在婴儿6个月和12个月大的时候，将收集生态上有效的一天的家庭语言录音。 一条最先进的自动化处理流水线将被用来估计每天婴儿和照顾者讲话的数量 质和量。微观层面的针对性注释将应用于半结构化的亲子游戏 在实验室收集的课程。将使用自动化处理管道和微观级别的定向注记 以生成多变量婴儿发声和照顾者语音数据。婴儿发声将被归类为 像说话的或不像说话的(高兴或痛苦)。护理者的言语变量包括词汇多样性、均值 长度发声和时间偶然性。 这项研究将确定婴儿发声是否预示着随后的自闭症诊断和后来的语言和 社会沟通得分，并明确了照顾者言语和婴儿沟通之间的关系 技能。早期预测研究将在婴儿6个月、12个月和24个月时收集弥散磁共振成像。 这项拟议的研究将确定多变量照顾者的言语是否与针对性的前额叶和颞叶有关 大脑区域。通过确定照顾者的讲话是否可以对大脑发育起到保护作用，我们形成了一个 研究自闭症高危婴儿沟通发展的新科学方法。 随着第一年的自闭症检测和症状前干预变得越来越可行，一个证据基础 需要为干预措施提供信息。拟议的研究将确定以婴儿为基础的语言和交流 风险标记物、基于护理者的干预目标和基于大脑的监测生物标记物 对自闭症的症状前干预，由父母调解并在自然环境中提供。

PROJECT SUMMARY Caregiver Speech and Brain-Behavior Development in Infants At-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder The defining symptoms of autism spectrum disorder emerge only after an initial presymptomatic period during the first year of life. The first year of life is also a time of tremendous growth and neuroplasticity for the infant brain. The overall goal of the proposed longitudinal study is to enable and inform presymptomatic infant interventions for autism by examining the relationships between infant vocalizations, caregiver speech, and brain-behavior development in infants at high familial risk for autism. Conceptually, the project focuses on the potential protective effects of caregiver speech on infant development. The proposed study is a companion to and collaboration with the IBIS Network-Early Prediction Study, an NIH-sponsored study of 250 infants at high familial risk for autism. All infants in the study have an older sibling with autism. These high-risk infants have a 20% probability of developing autism themselves. Ecologically valid day-long home language recordings will be collected when infants are 6 and 12 months of age. A state-of-the-art automated processing pipeline will used to estimate daily counts of infant and caregiver speech quality and quantity. Micro-level targeted annotation will be applied to semi-structured, parent-infant play sessions collected in the lab. Automated processing pipelines and micro-level targeted annotation will be used to generate multivariate infant vocalizations and caregiver speech data. Infant vocalizations will be classified as speech-like or non-speech-like (delight or distress). Caregiver speech variables include lexical diversity, mean length utterance, and temporal contingency. The study will determine if infant vocalizations predict subsequent autism diagnosis and later language and social communication scores, and specify the relationship between caregiver speech and infant communication skills. Diffusion MRI will be collected when infants are 6, 12, and 24 months of age by the Early Prediction Study. The proposed study will determine if multivariate caregiver speech is related to targeted prefrontal and temporal brain regions. By determining if caregiver speech can have a protective effect on brain development, we forge a new scientific approach to studying communication development in infants at high-risk for autism. As first-year autism detection and presymptomatic intervention become increasingly feasible, an evidence base is needed to inform interventions. The proposed study will identify infant-based language and communication risk markers, caregiver-based intervention targets, and brain-based monitoring biomarkers to guide presymptomatic intervention for autism that is parent-mediated and delivered in the natural setting.