Caregiver Speech and Brain-Behavior Development in Infants At-Risk for ASD

项目摘要 自闭症谱系障碍高危婴儿的看护者言语和大脑行为发育 自闭症谱系障碍的定义症状只出现在最初的症状前期， 生命的第一年。对于婴儿来说，生命的第一年也是巨大的成长和神经可塑性的时期 个脑袋拟议的纵向研究的总体目标是使并告知症状前婴儿 通过检查婴儿发声，照顾者言语和 自闭症高家族风险婴儿的脑行为发育从概念上讲，该项目侧重于 看护者言语对婴儿发育的潜在保护作用。拟议的研究是一个伴侣， 并与IBIS网络早期预测研究合作，这是一项由NIH赞助的对250名婴儿的研究， 自闭症的家族风险研究中的所有婴儿都有一个患有自闭症的哥哥姐姐。这些高危婴儿有一个 有20%的可能性会患上自闭症。 当婴儿6个月和12个月大时，将收集有效的全天家庭语言录音。 一个国家的最先进的自动化处理管道将用于估计每天计数的婴儿和照顾者的讲话 质量和数量。微观层面的针对性标注将应用于半结构化、亲子玩法 在实验室收集的会话。将使用自动处理管道和微观层次的有针对性的注释 以生成多变量婴儿发声和护理者语音数据。婴儿发声将被分类为 像说话或不像说话（高兴或苦恼）。照顾者言语变量包括词汇多样性，平均 话语长度和时间偶然性。 这项研究将确定婴儿的发声是否能预测随后的自闭症诊断和以后的语言， 社会沟通得分，并指定照顾者的语言和婴儿沟通之间的关系 skills.早期预测研究将在婴儿6、12和24月龄时收集弥散MRI。 拟议的研究将确定多变量照顾者的语言是否与目标前额和颞叶有关。 大脑区域。通过确定照顾者的语言是否对大脑发育有保护作用，我们建立了一个 研究自闭症高危婴儿沟通发展的新科学方法。 随着第一年自闭症检测和症状前干预变得越来越可行， 为干预提供信息。这项拟议中的研究将确定婴儿为基础的语言和沟通 风险标志物，基于神经元的干预目标和基于大脑的监测生物标志物，以指导 自闭症的症状前干预是父母介导的，在自然环境中进行。

PROJECT SUMMARY Caregiver Speech and Brain-Behavior Development in Infants At-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder The defining symptoms of autism spectrum disorder emerge only after an initial presymptomatic period during the first year of life. The first year of life is also a time of tremendous growth and neuroplasticity for the infant brain. The overall goal of the proposed longitudinal study is to enable and inform presymptomatic infant interventions for autism by examining the relationships between infant vocalizations, caregiver speech, and brain-behavior development in infants at high familial risk for autism. Conceptually, the project focuses on the potential protective effects of caregiver speech on infant development. The proposed study is a companion to and collaboration with the IBIS Network-Early Prediction Study, an NIH-sponsored study of 250 infants at high familial risk for autism. All infants in the study have an older sibling with autism. These high-risk infants have a 20% probability of developing autism themselves. Ecologically valid day-long home language recordings will be collected when infants are 6 and 12 months of age. A state-of-the-art automated processing pipeline will used to estimate daily counts of infant and caregiver speech quality and quantity. Micro-level targeted annotation will be applied to semi-structured, parent-infant play sessions collected in the lab. Automated processing pipelines and micro-level targeted annotation will be used to generate multivariate infant vocalizations and caregiver speech data. Infant vocalizations will be classified as speech-like or non-speech-like (delight or distress). Caregiver speech variables include lexical diversity, mean length utterance, and temporal contingency. The study will determine if infant vocalizations predict subsequent autism diagnosis and later language and social communication scores, and specify the relationship between caregiver speech and infant communication skills. Diffusion MRI will be collected when infants are 6, 12, and 24 months of age by the Early Prediction Study. The proposed study will determine if multivariate caregiver speech is related to targeted prefrontal and temporal brain regions. By determining if caregiver speech can have a protective effect on brain development, we forge a new scientific approach to studying communication development in infants at high-risk for autism. As first-year autism detection and presymptomatic intervention become increasingly feasible, an evidence base is needed to inform interventions. The proposed study will identify infant-based language and communication risk markers, caregiver-based intervention targets, and brain-based monitoring biomarkers to guide presymptomatic intervention for autism that is parent-mediated and delivered in the natural setting.