Hazardous Waste Thermal Treatment and Community Exposure to Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals

危险废物热处理和社区暴露于环境持久性自由基

• 批准号: 10341196
• 负责人: Jennifer Richmond-Bryant
• 金额: $ 15.48万
• 依托单位: LOUISIANA STATE UNIV A&M COL BATON ROUGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10341196
• 关键词: Address; Advocacy; African American; Air; Air Pollutants; Archives; Biological; Characteristics; Chemicals; Collaborations; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Databases; Deposition; Dermal; Development; Ensure; Environment; Environmental Health; Environmental Wind; Exposure to; Fostering; Free Radicals; Hazardous Waste; Health; Health Policy; Heavy Metals; Home; House Dust; Household; Human; Income; Individual; Infrastructure; Ingestion; Inhalation; Inhalation Toxicology; Investments; Measurable; Measures; Metals; Military Personnel; Modeling; Monitor; Neighborhoods; Noise; Organic Chemicals; Organism; Participant; Particulate Matter; Perchlorates; Personal Behavior; Persons; Population; Probability; Process; Public Health; Public Participation; Recovery; Research; Resources; Respiratory System; Sampling; Silicon Dioxide; Site; Smoke; Source; Speed; Strategic Planning; Superfund; Surveys; Testing; Time; Transition Elements; Translational Research; Translations; Work; atmospheric chemistry; biological systems; community based participatory research; community engagement; community organizations; data management; design; economic disparity; empowerment; environmental justice; experience; exposed human population; field study; hazard; innovation; insight; member; noise exposure; noise pollution; novel; novel strategies; operation; pollutant; programs; racial disparity; remediation; sample collection; sensor; stressor; superfund site; treatment site; ventilation; wasting; web portal

Project Summary/Abstract: Project 3 Nearly 53 million people live within 3 miles of a Superfund remediation site. Superfund sites contain a wide va- riety of pollutants, including organic chemicals, metals, carbonaceous material, and silica. Although each com- ponent is capable of damage to organisms, their potential to combine into unique hazardous agents has been understudied. Interestingly, when these agents are present together, particularly during thermal treatment (TT), they combine to form particulate matter (PM) with chemisorbed free radicals that persist in the environment and are active in biological systems (environmentally persistent free radicals: EPFRs). EPFRs are produced during TT of hazardous wastes. Nearly 30% of all Superfund sites (non-groundwater) are remediated by TT. EPFR concentrations near Superfund sites range from 1x1018–4x1019 radicals/g of PM. Colfax, LA hosts a haz- ardous waste TT facility, which disposes of fireworks, explosives, and military ordnances. 68% of Colfax’s resi- dents are African American and median household income is $26,149, indicating the community’s institutional vulnerability. Project 3 will measure concentrations of EPFRs to estimate human exposure in Colfax. We will also measure other components of combustion-generated PM across size fractions and detonation-related noise as a co-stressor. Project 3 addresses the three overarching objectives of the 2018 Strategic Plan for the Superfund Research Program. By characterizing EPFRs emitted from this TT site handling hazardous wastes including waste from Superfund sites, we address an issue of high relevance to inform solution-oriented re- search. We will maximize the impact of our program’s investments by coordinating with the Research Transla- tion component of the Administrative Core to facilitate translation of our results to actionable information for the Colfax community. Further, we will coordinate with the Community Engagement Core (CEC) to implement our community-based participatory research model. This novel approach will foster innovation by designing and implementing a field sampling plan for size distributions of EPFRs, size distributions of other PM components, and noise as a co-stressor. The overarching hypothesis of this research is that EPFRs are produced in meas- urable quantities in PM during TT, so that outdoor and in-home EPFR exposure increases with decreasing dis- tance to the source. In Aim 1, we will partner with the Colfax community on plans for assessing exposure to hazardous air pollutants from hazardous waste TT emissions and determine if collaboration will promote com- munity empowerment and engagement on public health advocacy. This work is planned in partnership with two community organizations and in coordination with the CEC. Aim 2 will characterize Colfax residents’ exposures to EPFRs in PM by size distribution and composition, how exposures change with distance downwind of the TT facility, and how exposures correlate to detonation-related noise. Aim 3 will characterize in-home concentra- tions of EPFRs and additional chemical and non-chemical stressors among Colfax study participants.

项目摘要/摘要：项目 3 近 5300 万人居住在超级基金修复地点 3 英里范围内。超级基金网站包含广泛的VA- 多种污染物，包括有机化学品、金属、碳质材料和二氧化硅。虽然每个com- 成分能够对生物体造成损害，它们组合成独特危险物质的潜力已被证实 待研究。有趣的是，当这些试剂一起存在时，特别是在热处理 (TT) 过程中， 它们与化学吸附的自由基结合形成颗粒物 (PM)，并持续存在于环境中 并且在生物系统中很活跃（环境持久性自由基：EPFR）。 EPFR 已生产 危险废物TT期间。近 30% 的超级基金场地（非地下水）均通过 TT 进行修复。 超级基金站点附近的 EPFR 浓度范围为 1x1018–4x1019 自由基/克 PM。洛杉矶科尔法克斯举办了一场危险活动—— 危险废物 TT 设施，用于处理烟花、爆炸物和军械。科尔法克斯 68% 的抵抗力 dents 是非裔美国人，家庭收入中位数为 26,149 美元，表明该社区的制度 脆弱性。项目 3 将测量 EPFR 的浓度，以估计科尔法克斯中的人体暴露量。我们将 还可以测量燃烧产生的 PM 的其他成分，包括尺寸分数和爆炸相关的 噪音作为共同压力源。项目 3 涉及 2018 年战略计划的三个总体目标 超级基金研究计划。通过表征处理危险废物的 TT 场地排放的 EPFR 包括来自超级基金站点的废物，我们解决了一个与以解决方案为导向的重新规划高度相关的问题 搜索。我们将通过与研究翻译机构协调，最大限度地发挥我们项目投资的影响 行政核心的组成部分，以促进将我们的结果转化为可操作的信息 科尔法克斯社区。此外，我们将与社区参与核心 (CEC) 协调来实施我们的 基于社区的参与式研究模式。这种新颖的方法将通过设计和 对 EPFR 的粒度分布、其他 PM 成分的粒度分布实施现场抽样计划， 和噪音作为共同压力源。这项研究的总体假设是 EPFR 是在以下测量中产生的： TT 期间 PM 中的可处理量，因此室外和室内 EPFR 暴露量随着排放量的减少而增加 与源头的关系。在目标 1 中，我们将与 Colfax 社区合作制定计划，评估暴露于 危险废物 TT 排放中的有害空气污染物，并确定合作是否会促进 com- 社区赋权和参与公共卫生宣传。这项工作是与两家公司合作计划的 社区组织并与 CEC 协调。目标 2 将描述科尔法克斯居民的暴露特征 PM 中 EPFR 的尺寸分布和成分，暴露如何随 TT 顺风距离的变化而变化 设施，以及暴露与爆炸相关噪声的关系。目标 3 将表征家庭集中 Colfax 研究参与者中 EPFR 以及其他化学和非化学压力源的影响。