Hazardous Waste Thermal Treatment and Community Exposure to Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals

项目概要/摘要：项目3 近5300万人居住在超级基金修复地点3英里范围内。超级基金网站包含广泛的价值- 各种污染物，包括有机化学品、金属、含碳材料和二氧化硅。虽然每一个COM- 成分能够对生物体造成损害，它们联合收割机成为独特危险剂的潜力已经被 替补演员有趣的是，当这些试剂一起存在时，特别是在热处理（TT）期间， 它们联合收割机与化学吸附的自由基结合形成颗粒物（PM），并在环境中持续存在 并且在生物系统中具有活性（环境持久性自由基：EPFR）。生产EPFR 在危险废物的TT期间。近30%的超级基金场地（非地下水）通过TT进行修复。 超级基金场址附近的EPFR浓度范围为1x 1018 - 4x 1019自由基/克PM。洛杉矶的科尔法克斯举办了一场 Preferwaste TT设施，处理烟花，爆炸物和军事弹药。科尔法克斯68%的资产 凹痕是非洲裔美国人，家庭收入中位数为26，149美元，表明社区的机构 易损性.项目3将测量EPFR的浓度，以估计科尔法克斯的人类接触量。我们将 还测量了燃烧产生的PM的其他成分，包括粒度级和与爆炸有关的颗粒物。 噪音是一种共同压力源。项目3涉及2018年战略计划的三个总体目标， 超级基金研究计划。通过描述该TT场地处理危险废物时排放的EPFR， 包括来自超级基金场地的废物，我们解决了一个高度相关的问题，以告知以解决方案为导向的重新 搜索我们将通过与研究翻译协调，最大限度地发挥我们计划投资的影响， 行政核心的组成部分，以促进我们的结果转化为可采取行动的信息， 科尔法克斯社区。此外，我们将与社区参与核心（CEC）协调， 以社区为基础的参与式研究模式。这种新颖的方法将通过设计和 对EPFR的粒度分布、其他PM组分的粒度分布， 和噪音作为共同压力源。这项研究的首要假设是，EPFR是在测量中产生的， TT期间PM中的可接受量，因此户外和家庭EPFR暴露随着疾病的减少而增加。 到源。在目标1中，我们将与科尔法克斯社区合作，制定评估以下风险的计划： 危险废物TT排放的危险空气污染物，并确定合作是否将促进共同 社区赋权和参与公共卫生宣传。这项工作是与两个伙伴合作计划的。 社区组织，并与中央选举委员会协调。目标2将描述科尔法克斯居民的接触情况 PM中EPFR的大小分布和成分，暴露如何随TT顺风距离变化 设施，以及暴露如何与爆炸相关的噪音相关联。Aim 3将表征家庭集中式 在科尔法克斯研究参与者中，EPFR和其他化学和非化学应激源的作用。

Project Summary/Abstract: Project 3 Nearly 53 million people live within 3 miles of a Superfund remediation site. Superfund sites contain a wide va- riety of pollutants, including organic chemicals, metals, carbonaceous material, and silica. Although each com- ponent is capable of damage to organisms, their potential to combine into unique hazardous agents has been understudied. Interestingly, when these agents are present together, particularly during thermal treatment (TT), they combine to form particulate matter (PM) with chemisorbed free radicals that persist in the environment and are active in biological systems (environmentally persistent free radicals: EPFRs). EPFRs are produced during TT of hazardous wastes. Nearly 30% of all Superfund sites (non-groundwater) are remediated by TT. EPFR concentrations near Superfund sites range from 1x1018–4x1019 radicals/g of PM. Colfax, LA hosts a haz- ardous waste TT facility, which disposes of fireworks, explosives, and military ordnances. 68% of Colfax’s resi- dents are African American and median household income is $26,149, indicating the community’s institutional vulnerability. Project 3 will measure concentrations of EPFRs to estimate human exposure in Colfax. We will also measure other components of combustion-generated PM across size fractions and detonation-related noise as a co-stressor. Project 3 addresses the three overarching objectives of the 2018 Strategic Plan for the Superfund Research Program. By characterizing EPFRs emitted from this TT site handling hazardous wastes including waste from Superfund sites, we address an issue of high relevance to inform solution-oriented re- search. We will maximize the impact of our program’s investments by coordinating with the Research Transla- tion component of the Administrative Core to facilitate translation of our results to actionable information for the Colfax community. Further, we will coordinate with the Community Engagement Core (CEC) to implement our community-based participatory research model. This novel approach will foster innovation by designing and implementing a field sampling plan for size distributions of EPFRs, size distributions of other PM components, and noise as a co-stressor. The overarching hypothesis of this research is that EPFRs are produced in meas- urable quantities in PM during TT, so that outdoor and in-home EPFR exposure increases with decreasing dis- tance to the source. In Aim 1, we will partner with the Colfax community on plans for assessing exposure to hazardous air pollutants from hazardous waste TT emissions and determine if collaboration will promote com- munity empowerment and engagement on public health advocacy. This work is planned in partnership with two community organizations and in coordination with the CEC. Aim 2 will characterize Colfax residents’ exposures to EPFRs in PM by size distribution and composition, how exposures change with distance downwind of the TT facility, and how exposures correlate to detonation-related noise. Aim 3 will characterize in-home concentra- tions of EPFRs and additional chemical and non-chemical stressors among Colfax study participants.