Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and Carriage among Children with Sickle Cell Disease in Ghana: A Post-vaccination Study

加纳镰状细胞病儿童的侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病和携带情况：疫苗接种后研究

• 批准号: 10458791
• 负责人: Eric Sampane-Donkor
• 金额: $ 13.49万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GHANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-05-12 至 2027-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10458791
• 关键词: Address; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Antibiotics; Area; Bacteria; Child; Conjugate Vaccines; Control Groups; Country; Data; Development; Disease; Encapsulated; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Frequencies; Future; Ghana; Goals; High Prevalence; Immune system; Incidence; Measures; Methods; Monitor; Multi-Drug Resistance; Organism; Patients; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Persons; Pneumococcal Infections; Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; Polysaccharides; Population; Populations at Risk; Predisposition; Prevalence; Prevention; Preventive; Prophylactic treatment; Recommendation; Research Project Grants; Serotyping; Sickle Cell Anemia; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Upper respiratory tract; Vaccinated; Vaccination; Vaccines; aged; design; insight; prophylactic; success; surveillance data; transmission process; vaccine trial

PROJECT SUMMARY Pneumococcal carriage is the precursor for development of pneumococcal disease, and is also responsible for transmission of the organism from person-to-person. Children with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) are particularly susceptible to invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) due to the i n a b i l i t y of their defective immune system to effectively handle encapsulated bacteria. This has led to the recommendation of anti-pneumococcal prophylaxis for SCD children including the administration of penicillin and the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) in the past. Though these prophylactic measures decreased the rate of IPD among SCD children, breakthrough disease still occurred, mostly in children aged <3 years. In the last decade, Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines (PCVs) have become available in about 80% of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Epidemiological evidence from various studies indicate that PCVs can cause a shift in the distribution of pneumococcal serotypes usually towards non- vaccines types in both carriage and disease. In areas of high SCD prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa, pneumococcal surveillance data following introduction of PCVs remain scarce. The goal of this proposed study is to understand the epidemiology of pneumococcal carriage and invasive disease among children with SCD in the post-conjugate vaccine era in Ghana. To address this goal, we will execute three specific aims as follows: (i) to determine the frequency of pneumococci acquisition in SCD children vaccinated with PCV13 and evaluate the common serotypes carried and their persistence. (ii) to determine the incidence of IPD and the causative serotypes among children with SCD. (iii) to evaluate the antibiogram of pneumococci isolated from children with SCD and describe the penicillin and / or multidrug resistant clones. Information from the study would be useful in the prevention and management of pneumococcal infections among children with SCD in Ghana.

项目摘要 肺炎球菌携带是肺炎球菌疾病发展的前兆， 负责在人与人之间传播病菌。镰状细胞病患儿 疾病（SCD）特别容易受到侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病（IPD）的影响， 在他们有缺陷的免疫系统的a B i i t y中有效地处理包裹的 细菌这导致了抗肺炎球菌预防SCD的建议 儿童包括青霉素和23价多糖疫苗的管理 （PPV 23）过去。虽然这些预防措施降低了IPD的发生率， SCD儿童中，突破性疾病仍有发生，多发生在<3岁的儿童中。在过去 十年来，肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV）已在约80%的 撒哈拉以南非洲国家。各种研究的流行病学证据表明， PCV可引起肺炎球菌血清型分布的转变，通常向非肺炎球菌血清型转变。 疫苗种类在运输和疾病。在撒哈拉以南非洲SCD高发地区， 在非洲，PCV引入后的肺炎球菌监测数据仍然很少。目标 这项拟议研究的目的是了解肺炎球菌携带的流行病学， 加纳后结合疫苗时代SCD儿童中的侵袭性疾病。到 为了实现这一目标，我们将执行以下三个具体目标：（i）确定频率 在接种PCV 13疫苗的SCD儿童中获得肺炎球菌，并评估 血清型及其持久性。(ii)以确定IPD的发病率和病因， SCD患儿的血清型。(iii)评价分离的肺炎球菌的细菌学图 描述青霉素和/或多药耐药克隆。 这项研究的信息将有助于预防和管理肺炎球菌感染。 加纳SCD儿童的感染率。