Effects of Social Networks and Policy Context on Health among Older Sexual and Gender Minorities in the US South

社交网络和政策环境对美国南部老年性少数群体健康的影响

• 批准号: 10454611
• 负责人: Tara McKay
• 金额: $ 10.44万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-15 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10454611
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Area; Buffers; California; Cities; Communities; Data; Discrimination; Ego; Ensure; Event; Family; Feeling; Gender Identity; Goals; Health; Heterogeneity; Heterosexuals; Individual; Legal; Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Experience; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Minority; Minority Groups; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Names; Online Systems; Outcome; Participant; Pathway Analysis; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Policies; Politics; Population; Prevention; Procedures; Process; Public Health; Research; Risk Factors; Sampling; San Francisco; Service provision; Sex Orientation; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Shapes; Site; Social Network; Social Policies; Social support; Stress; Structure; Surveys; Testing; Time; United States; Universities; Variant; Violence; Work; aged; base; cisgender; community organizations; data access; disability; disparities in morbidity; experience; health disparity; improved; individual response; instrument; interest; member; metropolitan; multilevel analysis; negative affect; physical conditioning; physically handicapped; protective factors; public health relevance; recruit; research study; response; sexual identity; social; support network

ABSTRACT Older sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations experience significant disparities in morbidity and disability compared with their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts. There are two primary explanations as to why physical health, mental health, and disability outcomes may differ for older SGM adults compared to older heterosexual and cisgender adults: 1) experiences of minority stress that negatively affect health over the life course, and 2) differences in the kind and quality of social networks and support in older age. In this study we develop and test a new conceptual model that integrates these two disparate areas of research by applying a multilevel approach to understanding how minority stress processes work. We contend that social networks mediate the relationship between minority stress and health. Social network effects may be negative, exacerbating the effects of negative life experiences of discrimination or violence by reinforcing feelings of negative marginality relative to dominant societal values and structures. Alternatively, social networks may buffer the effects of negative life experiences among SGM adults whose networks include more positive valuations of SGM identities. To test this model, we will collect in-depth ego-centric network data over three waves from 800 SGM adults aged 50 to 70 years and residing in the metropolitan statistical areas of three midsize cities in the US South: Nashville, TN; Birmingham, AL; and Raleigh, NC. Participants will be recruited using multiple face-to-face, community and targeted online methods in order to ensure inclusion of more isolated individuals or individuals who are less involved with community organizations. Surveys will be administered using a web-based instrument developed specifically for assessing multidimensional aspects of personal networks, physical and mental health, and experiences of minority stress.

摘要 年龄较大的性少数群体和性别少数群体(SGM)在 与他们的异性恋者和顺性恋者相比，他们的发病率和残疾程度更高。确实有 关于为什么身体健康、心理健康和残疾结果可能 年龄较大的SGM成年人与年龄较大的异性和顺性成年人不同：1) 在生命过程中对健康造成负面影响的少数民族应激经历；2) 老年人在社交网络和支持的种类和质量方面的差异。在这项研究中，我们 开发和测试一个新的概念模型，该模型集成了这两个不同的研究领域 通过应用多层次的方法来理解少数群体压力过程是如何起作用的。我们 认为社交网络在少数族裔压力和健康之间的关系中起到了中介作用。社交 网络效应可能是负面的，加剧了负面生活经历的影响 通过强化相对于主导地位的消极边缘感觉而产生的歧视或暴力 社会价值观和社会结构。或者，社交网络可能会缓冲负面影响 SGM成年人的生活经历，他们的网络包括对SGM更积极的评价 身份。为了测试这个模型，我们将收集三波深入的以自我为中心的网络数据 800名50岁至70岁居住在大都市统计地区的SGM成年人 美国南部的三个中等城市：田纳西州的纳什维尔、亚利桑那州的伯明翰和北卡罗来纳州的罗利。 参与者将通过面对面、社区和有针对性的在线方式招募 方法，以确保包括较孤立的个人或较少的个人 参与社区组织。调查将使用基于网络的 专门为评估个人网络的多维方面而开发的工具， 身心健康，以及少数民族压力的经历。