Social Media and Substance Use Risk and Resilience Among Gender Minority Emerging Adults

项目总结/摘要 性别少数群体，他们的性别认同不同于他们出生时的性别，包括 跨性别者，性别歧视者和非二元人群，面临2-4倍的药物使用风险， 不利的心理健康结果（例如，饮食失调症状）比cisgender（即非性别少数） 人口。为了减轻这些严重但研究不足的差距， 针对性别少数群体的干预措施，特别是在成年初期，这是一个关键的发展时期， 独特的风险以及预防物质使用的机会。研究表明几个相关目标 在这个年龄段进行预防性干预。这包括社会压力源的作用（例如，反跨性别 耻辱，包括在线），有针对性的营销，和社会文化外观理想（例如，男人的压力 看起来“阳刚”，女人看起来“阴柔”），这两种情况都会加剧对身体的不满， 与性别少数群体的药物使用和不良心理健康结果有关。在线环境， 尤其是社交媒体（例如，Instagram），为性别平等提供前所未有的支持资源 少数新兴的成年人，但也提供了新的渠道，有害接触污名化的信息， 酒精和烟草行业的有针对性的营销，以及社会文化外观理想。它不知道如何 应利用社交媒体来防止性别少数新兴成年人使用药物。到目前为止， 还没有开发出干预措施来解决在线压力源的独特影响（例如，耻辱）和 弹性因素（例如，社会支持）对身体不满和物质使用的转基因新兴成年人。在 为了弥补这些研究空白，我的长期目标是开发、测试和传播有效的干预措施 在性别少数青年中预防药物使用。我提出这个建议的目的是 培训（1）社会媒体和健康行为研究的理论和方法，（2）基于技术的 行为干预开发和测试，以及（3）社区参与的研究，我将应用于 建议的研究。响应NIH FY 2021-2025战略计划，以推进研究 性和性别少数群体的健康和福祉，并通过少数群体压力理论，性别 肯定框架和社会媒体效应的转移模型，本研究的具体目的是 目的：1）调查性别少数新兴成年人（18-25岁）的经验和干预需求， 社交媒体，身体不满和物质使用; 2）聘请社区咨询委员会（CAB）， 开发一个简短的，在线管理的社交媒体干预，以减少身体的不满和物质 在性别少数新兴成年人中使用风险，并测试干预措施的可行性和可接受性。的 强化职业发展培训和本研究的研究结果将为以下方面奠定基础： 今后测试和分发针对这一得不到充分服务的人口的需要的干预材料。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Gender minority populations, who have a gender identity that differs from their assigned sex at birth, including transgender, gender nonconforming, and nonbinary people, face 2-4 times greater risk of substance use and adverse mental health outcomes (e.g., eating disorder symptoms) than cisgender (that is, non-gender minority) populations. To mitigate these severe but understudied disparities, it is critical to identify effective preventive interventions for gender minorities, particularly in emerging adulthood, a critical developmental period offering unique risks as well as opportunities for substance use prevention. Research suggests several relevant targets for preventive interventions in this age group. This includes the role of social stressors (e.g., anti-transgender stigma, including online), targeted marketing, and sociocultural appearance ideals (e.g., pressure for men to look “masculine,” women to look “feminine”), both of which can exacerbate body dissatisfaction, which has been linked to substance use and adverse mental health outcomes in gender minorities. Online environments, especially social media (e.g., Instagram), offer unprecedented access to supportive resources for gender minority emerging adults, but also provide new channels for harmful exposure to stigmatizing messages, targeted marketing by alcohol and tobacco industries, and sociocultural appearance ideals. It is not known how social media should be leveraged to prevent substance use among gender minority emerging adults. To date, no intervention has been developed to address the unique impact of online stressors (e.g., stigma) and resilience factors (e.g., social support) on body dissatisfaction and substance use for GM emerging adults. In response to these research gaps, my long-term goal is to develop, test, and disseminate effective interventions for substance use prevention among gender minority young people. My objective for this proposal is to obtain training in (1) theory and methods for research on social media and health behaviors, (2) technology-based behavioral intervention development and testing, and (3) community-engaged research, which I will apply to the proposed research. Responding to the NIH FY 2021-2025 Strategic Plan to Advance Research on the Health and Well-being of Sexual and Gender Minorities and informed by the Minority Stress Theory, Gender Affirmation Framework, and Transactional Model of social media effects, the specific aims of this research are to: 1) investigate gender minority emerging adult (18-25 years) experiences and intervention needs related to social media, body dissatisfaction and substance use; and 2) engage a community advisory board (CAB) to develop a brief, online-administered social media intervention to reduce body dissatisfaction and substance use risk in gender minority emerging adults and test the intervention for feasibility and acceptability. The intensive career development training and the research findings from this study will lay the groundwork for future testing and dissemination of intervention materials tailored to the needs of this underserved population.