The Role of Self-Regulation and Classroom Self-Regulatory Supports in Early Education

自我调节和课堂自我调节支持在早期教育中的作用

• 批准号: 10455459
• 负责人: Anna D. Johnson
• 金额: $ 49.34万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10455459
• 关键词: Accidents; Adverse event; Age; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Child; Child Support; Critical Pathways; Data; Development; Dimensions; Disadvantaged; Economics; Education; Emergency department visit; Emotions; Environment; Exposure to; Fostering; Foundations; Funding; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Health Promotion; Income; Informal Social Control; Injury; Instruction; Intervention; Interview; Learning; Life; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Mediator of activation protein; Memory; Mental Health; Methods; Motion; Neurobiology; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Parents; Pathway interactions; Play; Poverty; Primary Schools; Process; Public Health; Reduce health disparities; Research Design; Role; Scientist; System; Testing; Time; Triad Acrylic Resin; base; biological adaptation to stress; design; early childhood; econometrics; educational atmosphere; elementary school; emotion regulation; evidence base; experience; fourth grade; improved; innovation; kindergarten; learned behavior; multilevel analysis; next generation; peer; physical conditioning; programs; school district; skills; teacher

Project Summary Debates about the potential of public pre-kindergarten (pre-k) programs to close poverty-related early education and health gaps occupy center-stage for scientists, policymakers, and education and public health officials. While there is substantial evidence to support the power of pre-k to promote positive development in the short-term, the mechanisms that explain those positive short-term effects are poorly understood. Moreover, there is no evidence examining pathways for sustaining positive short-term effects into early primary schooling (1st – 4th grade) to guide actionable decisions to improve education and health for vulnerable young children. We focus on children’s self-regulatory skills (e.g., attention and impulse control; management of emotions; memory, planning, and organization) and the public pre-k classroom features that support their development as prime candidates for mechanisms linking pre-k with education and health outcomes for three reasons: (1) the brain regions underlying developing self-regulatory skills are compromised among children who have experienced significant economic adversity; (2) self-regulatory skills have been empirically documented to underlie education and health outcomes; and (3) self-regulatory skills are sensitive to intervention and thus malleable during the early childhood years. The proposed 5-year longitudinal, multi-method study will build this evidence base by first assessing a pre-k boost to low-income children’s self-regulatory, education, and health outcomes in kindergarten, and then by examining associations among this triad of outcomes, as well as testing whether self-regulatory skills explain associations between pre-k participation and education and health outcomes at kindergarten entry. We then examine mechanisms associated with pre-k classroom self- regulatory features as they explain associations between pre-k participation and kindergarten outcomes, investigating self-regulatory classroom features as mediators of kindergarten self-regulatory, education, and health outcomes. Our final goal capitalizes on the longitudinal study design to explore the processes underlying sustained pre-k impacts: we will test for the presence of and pathways to any sustained pre-k effects through 4th grade, focusing on classroom processes that may underlie fade-out of pre-k impacts. Data will be collected in the Tulsa Public Schools (TPS) district, which hosts a nationally recognized pre-k program, the impacts of which we will study beginning at kindergarten entry. In each year of the proposed project – from K through 4th grade – the project will include direct assessments of children’s self-regulatory, education, and health outcomes, classroom observations and teacher interviews to gather information on classroom processes and practices, and parent interviews. To analyze our data, we will employ a mix of econometric, OLS regression, and multilevel modeling approaches. Findings will illuminate the active pathways from pre-k exposure to longer-term education and health outcomes, informing the design of next-generation pre-k programs that acknowledge their role as both early learning and health-promoting interventions.

项目概要 关于公共学前班 (pre-k) 计划是否有可能尽早消除贫困问题的争论 教育和健康差距占据了科学家、决策者以及教育和公共卫生的中心舞台 官员。虽然有大量证据支持学前教育对于促进儿童积极发展的力量 从短期来看，人们对解释这些积极的短期影响的机制知之甚少。而且， 没有证据表明可以对小学早期教育维持积极的短期影响的途径 （一至四年级）指导可行的决策，以改善弱势幼儿的教育和健康。 我们专注于儿童的自我调节技能（例如注意力和冲动控制；情绪管理；情绪管理；情绪控制；自我调节能力）。 记忆、计划和组织）以及支持他们发展的公共学前班课堂功能 作为将学前教育与教育和健康成果联系起来的机制的主要候选者，有以下三个原因：(1) 在患有以下疾病的儿童中，发展自我调节能力的大脑区域受到损害 经历过严重的经济困难； (2) 自律技能已被经验证明 是教育和健康成果的基础； (3)自我调节技能对干预很敏感，因此 在幼儿时期具有可塑性。拟议的 5 年纵向、多方法研究将建立这一 首先评估学前教育对低收入儿童自我监管、教育和健康的促进作用，以此建立证据基础 幼儿园的结果，然后通过检查这三组结果之间的关联，以及测试 自我调节技能是否可以解释学前教育参与与教育和健康之间的关联 入园时的成果。然后我们研究与学前班课堂自我相关的机制 监管特征解释了学前教育参与与幼儿园成果之间的关联， 调查自律课堂特征作为幼儿园自律、教育和 健康结果。我们的最终目标利用纵向研究设计来探索过程 潜在的持续学前班影响：我们将测试任何持续学前班的存在和途径 影响到四年级，重点关注可能导致学前班影响逐渐消失的课堂过程。数据 将在塔尔萨公立学校 (TPS) 学区收集，该学区举办全国认可的学前教育项目， 我们将从幼儿园入学开始研究其影响。在拟议项目的每一年——从 幼儿园到四年级——该项目将包括对儿童的自我调节、教育和能力的直接评估 健康结果、课堂观察和教师访谈，以收集课堂信息 流程和实践，以及家长访谈。为了分析我们的数据，我们将综合运用计量经济学、 OLS 回归和多级建模方法。研究结果将阐明从学前班开始的活跃途径 接触长期教育和健康成果，为下一代学前教育的设计提供信息 承认其作为早期学习和健康促进干预措施作用的计划。

项目成果

Reframing High-Quality Public Preschool as a Vehicle for Narrowing Child Health Disparities Based on Family Income.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.07.004
• 发表时间: 2021-04
• 期刊: Academic pediatrics
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Martin A;Johnson AD;Castle S
• 通讯作者: Castle S

A deeper dive, a wider pool: Preschool benefits sustain to first grade on a broader set of outcomes.

更深入的研究，更广泛的群体：学前班福利在更广泛的成果上持续到一年级。

• DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13928
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Child development
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Johnson,AnnaD;Partika,Anne;Martin,Anne;Horm,Diane;Phillips,DeborahA;TulsaSEEDStudyTeam
• 通讯作者: TulsaSEEDStudyTeam

Both sides of the screen: Predictors of parents' and teachers' depression and food insecurity during COVID-19-related distance learning.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecresq.2022.02.001
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Early childhood research quarterly
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Martin A;Partika A;Castle S;Horm D;Johnson AD;Tulsa SEED Study Team
• 通讯作者: Tulsa SEED Study Team