Development of a mobile health intervention for electronic cigarette use among young adults

项目摘要 尽管年轻人中易燃香烟的吸烟率有所下降，但电子尼古丁传递的使用 电子烟等电子烟系统(末端)继续上升。年轻的成年标志着一种特别敏感的 试验和启动包括烟草在内的物质使用行为的时间。此外，还有一些人 开始使用烟草，结束向可燃产品的过渡，如香烟或大麻，或成为 多个产品的用户(双/多用户)。尽管Ends可能会上瘾 以及对……的高度兴趣 年轻人中的戒烟问题 ，几乎没有什么资源可以帮助个人戒烟 或减少他们对 结束了。拟议研究的目的是开发一种循证移动健康(MHealth)文本- 针对青少年和双重(烟头和香烟)使用者的基于信息的干预(K99阶段1)，以及 确定干预措施是否在 减少终端使用(主要结果)和增加 停止 、戒烟尝试和尼古丁替代疗法的使用(NRT；二次结果；R00阶段2)。 在第一阶段(K99)，我们将根据现有证据确定干预内容和交付时间表- 以戒烟材料为基础，并利用年轻人最终用户的焦点小组(两端- 仅限和双重用户)，以使内容适应特定于mHealth End的干预。然后，我们将运行初始试运行 学习，与 45 参与者确定干预的可行性和可接受性。在试点干预之后，我们 将与参与试点的个人举行额外的焦点小组，以进一步完善 干预。在第二阶段(R00)，我们将进行一项随机对照试验以确定干预的效果 关于最终结果。年轻人和双重使用者将被随机分配到以下一组 三 条件：1) 移动健康结束干预， 2)标准结束建议+NRT，或3)单独标准建议 。标准建议将 包括一个网站，该网站将更新有关产品/安全和戒烟策略信息 随着信息在研究过程中的演变。MHealth条件下的参与者将完成6- 每周基于短信的干预，其内容基于1)戒烟动机结束，2)是否 个人只使用烟草产品或同时使用烟草产品，以及3)目标戒烟日期。参与者将 在3个月的随访中完成结束行为、戒烟尝试和使用NRT的评估。结束 使用 频率将是主要结果 ，而生化证实的7天点戒断，NRT 使用和退出尝试将是感兴趣的次要结果。这项研究的发现将为新出现的 结束干预文献，这是一个目前缺乏明确证据基础的领域，以及mHealth 干预可以影响年轻人停止使用NRT的目的、行为和障碍。这个项目将 提供有价值的指导和培训，作为拟议研究的补充，以促进Dr. 布雷特转变为一名独立资助的研究人员、临床成瘾和烟草控制科学家。

PROJECT ABSTRACT Despite declines in combustible cigarette smoking among young adults, use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), such as e-cigarettes, continues to rise. Young adulthood marks a particularly susceptible time for the experimentation and initiation of substance use behaviors, including tobacco. Further, some who initiate tobacco use with ENDS transition to combustible products, such as cigarettes or marijuana, or become users of multiple products (dual/poly users). Despite the addiction potential of ENDS and high interest in quitting among young adults , there are few resources available to help individuals quit or reduce their use of ENDS. The aim of the proposed research is to develop an evidence-based mobile health (mHealth) text- message based intervention for young adult ENDS and dual (ENDS and cigarette) users (K99 phase 1), and determine whether the intervention is effective in reducing ENDS use (primary outcome) and increasing cessation , quit attempts, and use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT; secondary outcomes; R00 phase 2). In phase 1 (K99), we will determine intervention content and delivery schedule based on existing evidence- based smoking cessation materials as well as utilize focus groups with young adult ENDS users (both ENDS- only and dual users) to adapt content to an mHealth ENDS-specific intervention. We will then run an initial pilot study with 45 participants to determine intervention feasibility and acceptability. After the pilot intervention, we will conduct additional focus groups with individuals who participated in the pilot to further refine the intervention. In phase 2 (R00), we will conduct a randomized control trial to determine the intervention’s effect on ENDS outcomes. Young adult ENDS and dual users will be randomized to one of three conditions: 1) mHealth ENDS intervention, 2) standard ENDS advice+NRT, or 3) standard advice alone . Standard advice will include a website that will be updated with information on products/safety and strategies for ENDS cessation as information evolves over the course of the study. Participants in the mHealth condition will complete a 6- week text-message based intervention with content tailored based on 1) motivation to quit ENDS, 2) whether an individual uses ENDS only or is a dual user of tobacco products, and 3) target quit date. Participants will complete an assessment of ENDS behaviors, quit attempts, and use of NRT at 3-month follow-up. ENDS use frequency will be the primary outcome , while biochemically verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence, NRT use, and quit attempts will be the secondary outcomes of interest. This study’s findings will inform emerging ENDS intervention literature, an area where a clear evidence base is currently lacking, and whether a mHealth intervention can impact young adults’ ENDS cessation, behaviors, and barriers to NRT use. This project will serve to provide valuable mentorship and training complementary to the proposed research to facilitate Dr. Brett’s transition to an independently-funded investigator and clinical addiction and tobacco control scientist.