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Reciprocal longitudinal associations between brain function and alcohol use trajectories in adolescents and young adults

青少年和年轻人脑功能与饮酒轨迹之间的相互纵向关联

基本信息

批准号：
10643310
负责人：
David A Baranger
金额：
$ 17.32万
依托单位：
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10643310
关键词：
Acceleration Address Adolescence Adolescent and Young Adult Age Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohols Behavior Behavioral Brain Characteristics Collection Dangerousness Data Data Analyses Data Collection Data Set Decision Making Development Education Esthesia Etiology Future Goals Heavy Drinking Image Individual Individual Differences Knowledge Lead Leadership Link Machine Learning Maintenance Maps Measurement Measures Mentorship Methodology Neurobiology Neurocognitive Pattern Policies Prevention Preventive measure Process Publications Research Research Personnel Resolution Rewards Risk Taking Sampling Scanning Signal Transduction Techniques Testing Training Variant addiction age related alcohol involvement alcohol use disorder alcohol use initiation binge drinking brain behavior career career development career networking cognitive control college drinking design drinking drinking behavior executive function experimental study financial incentive global health improved innovation insight neural neuroimaging neuroregulation novel programs prospective regional difference resilience reward processing skills theories underage drinking university student young adult young adult alcohol use

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol use is a global health problem that often begins in adolescence/young adulthood. Despite extensive research efforts, effective preventative and treatment measures remain elusive. While bi-directional associations between alcohol use and brain function form the cornerstone of prominent neurobiological theories of addiction, the reciprocal relationship between alcohol use and brain function remains underexplored. This 5-year K99/R00 proposal is designed to address this fundamental gap in knowledge, through the novel application of cutting- edge techniques which overcome many of the limitations of between-subject cross-sectional designs, including low reliability and small effect sizes. It is hypothesized that neurocognitive mechanisms of decision making which underly elevated risk taking in adolescence (i.e., elevated reward processing relative to lower cognitive control) contribute to alcohol use initiation in adolescence, as well as escalation and maintenance in young adults, and that the consumption of alcohol in turn influences these same mechanisms, thereby promoting future use. Crucially, this proposal is designed to support the applicant’s transition to independence through: 1) technical training in advanced longitudinal and machine learning analysis, and the collection and analysis of precision functional mapping (PFM) data, 2) training in assessments of alcohol use behavior in young adults, and 3) professional and career development, including leadership and mentorship, grantsmanship, professional networking, publication, and scientific presentations. Aim 1 (K99) will assess prospective long-term associations between reward, cognitive control, and alcohol use in two large extant datasets of adolescents and young adults (IMAGEN: ages 14-22, N=2000; ABCD: ages 9-18, N=11,000). Analyses will use multivariate neural signatures of these processes, which are more reliable and sensitive to individual differences than regional estimates. Aims 2&3 (K99/R00) will collect the novel ALC-21 sample – a sample of college students who engage in heavy episodic drinking (N=24), who will be scanned repeatedly (8-10 scans each) over a semester, immediately following periods of elevated use (e.g., 21st birthday) and reduced use. The use of precision functional mapping (PFM) – studying an effect with large within-subject variation by acquiring large quantities of imaging data per subject – maximizes the neuroimaging signal, spatial resolution, and measurement reliability. PFM results in robust and reliable within-subject brain-behavior associations. A subset of the full sample (N=5) will be collected for Aim 2, and will be used to test the short-term effect of heavy episodic drinking on reward and cognitive control. The remainder of the sample will be collected during the R00 portion for Aim 3, which will assess bi- directional short-term associations between reward, cognitive control, and alcohol use. Together, these studies will provide fundamental insights into the reciprocal relationship between alcohol use and brain function, both over the long-term and in the short-term. Further, completing this training plan will prepare the applicant to lead an innovative research program as an independent investigator.

项目摘要/摘要酒精使用是一个全球性的健康问题，通常始于青春期/青年期。尽管进行了广泛研究工作、有效的预防和治疗措施仍然遥遥无期。虽然双向关联酒精使用和大脑功能之间的联系构成了著名的成瘾神经生物学理论的基石，饮酒和大脑功能之间的相互关系仍然没有得到充分的研究。5年K99/R 00 该提案旨在通过切割的新应用来解决这一根本性的知识差距，边缘技术克服了受试者间横截面设计的许多限制，包括低可靠性和小效应量。据推测，决策的神经认知机制，青春期潜在的高风险行为（即，相对于较低的认知控制，奖励处理水平提高）有助于青少年开始饮酒，以及年轻人的升级和维持，酒精的消费反过来影响这些相同的机制，从而促进未来的使用。至关重要的是，该提案旨在通过以下方式支持申请人向独立过渡：1）技术培训先进的纵向和机器学习分析，并收集和分析精度功能映射（PFM）数据，2）年轻人酒精使用行为评估培训，以及3）专业和职业发展，包括领导力和导师制，网络、出版物和科学报告。目标1（K99）将评估预期的长期关联在青少年和年轻人的两个大的现存数据集中，（IMAGEN：14-22岁，N=2000; ABCD：9-18岁，N= 11，000）。分析将使用多变量神经签名这些过程中，这是更可靠的和敏感的个人差异比区域估计。旨在 2&3（K99/R 00）将收集小说ALC-21样本-从事重间歇性饮酒（N=24），将在一个学期内立即重复扫描（每次扫描8-10次）在大量使用之后（例如，21岁生日）和减少使用。精确功能映射的使用 (PFM)- 通过采集大量的成像数据，研究具有大的受试者内变化的效果，受试者-最大化神经成像信号、空间分辨率和测量可靠性。PFM导致强大而可靠的主体内脑行为关联。将采集完整样本的子集（N=5）目标2，并将用于测试大量间歇性饮酒对奖励和认知的短期影响。控制剩余样本将在目标3的R 00部分采集，该部分将评估奖励，认知控制和酒精使用之间的定向短期关联。这些研究一起将为酒精使用和大脑功能之间的相互关系提供基本的见解，无论是长期的还是短期的此外，完成本培训计划将使申请人做好领导作为一名独立的研究者进行一项创新的研究计划。