1/2 GeoHealth Hub for Climate Change and Health in the Middle East and North Africa-Jordan

摘要 中东和北非(MENA)地区将成为气候变化不利健康的中心 影响。已经记录了热浪、沙漠沙尘暴的高频率、干旱和低降水，以及 严重的空气污染正在被记录在案。然而，关于它们对人群健康影响的研究是 很少，与气候变化政策没有联系，中东和北非地区的多国努力有限 应对气候变化对健康的不同影响。在我们的项目中，我们的目标是为 气候变化与中东和北非地区的健康“通过两个组成部分：U2R，它代表与 中东和北非地区利益攸关方和U01的能力建设，这是制定 研究简介。来自中东和北非，约旦科技大学，巴拉曼德大学， 穆罕默德六世健康科学大学将与加州大学圣地亚哥分校合作， 加州大学伯克利分校和哈佛大学。此外，美国疾控中心和世界卫生组织 环境健康行动中心将是该中心不可或缺的一部分。气候变化对全球经济的影响 健康、水、空气污染以及环境和公共卫生方面已查明的差距和发展领域将 成为枢纽的初始焦点。最终目标是制定和支持保护气候变化的政策 并促进环境和公共健康，成为提供模型和工具的最先进的实体 为了量化与缺水、热浪、气候变化风险有关的健康和经济影响， 空气污染和沙漠尘埃。约旦的研究项目将研究两个气候变化引发的影响 公共卫生威胁：(1)缺水和硝酸盐污染；(2)热浪。空间和时间 将构建缩小规模的气候变化，以确定可能易受气候变化影响的领域。这个 将评估约旦境内硝酸盐污染的空间和时间分析。此外，硝酸盐的影响 新生儿出生体重水平将被记录在案。此外，热浪对死亡率的影响在以下情况下 将对基线气候情景以及气候总体模式预测进行调查。在……里面 黎巴嫩，空气污染对呼吸道、心血管和皮肤过敏性疾病的健康影响 将对妇女和儿童进行研究。在摩洛哥，沙漠沙尘空气污染与气候的联系将是 使用大尺度大气模式和气候指数确定。有利于气候变化的季节性天气模式 部分源自撒哈拉沙漠的颗粒物污染将被确定。这些研究建立在以前的基础上 由团队成员进行研究，并将跟进有关废水的政策建议 再利用、热浪警报，以及燃烧和沙漠尘埃造成的空气污染。卫生部和环境部 参与国将成为该项目的主要合作伙伴，并将参与能力建设和培训 其相关工作人员在空气污染、水质和高级环境流行病学方面的培训。

Abstract The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is going to be at the center of climate change adverse health impacts. Already record heatwaves, high frequency of desert dust storms, drought and low precipitation, and high air pollution are being documented. However, studies about their health impacts on the populations are scarce and not linked to climate change policies and there is limited multi-country efforts in the MENA Region to address the different health effects of climate change. In our project, we aim to establish the “GeoHealth Hub for Climate Change and Health in MENA” through two components: the U2R which represents the part related to capacity building of stakeholders from the MENA Regions and the U01 which is the component developing the research profile. From MENA, the Jordan University for Science and Technology, The University of Balamand, and Mohamed VI University of Health Sciences will be partnering with the University of California San Diego, University of California Berkeley, and Harvard University from the U.S. In addition, the U.S. CDC, and the WHO Center for Environmental Health Action will be an integral part of the hub. The impacts of climate change on health, water, air pollution and identified gaps and areas of development in environmental and public health will be the initial focus of the hub. The ultimate goal is to produce and support climate change policies that protect and promote environmental and public health and become the state-of-the-art entity to provide models and tools for quantifying the health and economic impacts of climate change risks in relation to water scarcity, heat waves, air pollution, and desert dust. The research project in Jordan will study the impact of two climate change-induced public health threats: (1) water scarcity and nitrate pollution and (2) heatwaves. The spatial and temporal downscaled climate change will be constructed to identify areas of potential vulnerability to climate change. The spatial and temporal analysis of nitrate pollution across Jordan will be assessed. Moreover, the impact of nitrate levels on birth weight of newborns will be documented. Furthermore, the impact of heatwaves on mortality under the baseline climate scenario as well as under the climate ensemble model predictions will be investigated. In Lebanon, the health impact of air pollution on respiratory, cardiovascular, and skin allergic diseases among women and children will be studied. In Morocco, the association of desert dust air pollution with climate will be determined using large-scale atmospheric patterns and climate indices. Seasonal weather patterns favorable to particulate pollution partially originating from the Saharan desert will be identified. These studies build on prior research conducted by the team members and will be followed up by policies recommendations on wastewater reuse, heatwaves alerts, and air pollution from combustion and desert dust. Ministries of Health and Environment from participating countries will be key partners in this project and will be involved in capacity building and training of their relevant staff in air pollution, water quality and advanced environmental epidemiology.