Trajectories of intimate partner violence among sexual minority youth

项目摘要 性少数群体青少年(SMA；13-17岁)经历亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)的比率高于 他们的异性恋同龄人，包括更有可能经历心理和身体虐待，9-11和 被强奸的可能性是普通人的四倍。12然而，这一新兴的文学主体有许多 明显的局限性。首先(目标1)，研究在很大程度上未能超越IPV的受害者，也没有 在SMA中测量的IPV实施。第二(目标1)，对SMA中的IPV的研究已接近SMA 作为一个同质群体，尚未发现SMA在IPV经验方面的组内差异，包括 通过种族、民族、性别认同或都市性。在这些方面的研究一直没有定论， 假设很困难，13-20人，尽管差异可能会为干预提供信息。第三(目标2)，已确定的联系 在IPV经历和负面健康后果之间(即精神健康症状、药物使用、 无家可归)在很大程度上是横截面的：IPV和行为健康之间的时间关系 青春期的SMA仍不清楚。21第四(目标3)，几乎对独特的病因一无所知 影响SMA IPV体验的因素。虽然横断面研究已经确定了 在基于性行为的少数民族压力22和性侵犯，13，23-26之间，未来的文献几乎是 根本不存在。最后(目标3)，关于SMA特有的保护因素(如获得 LGBT友好服务)27-28、29-33可以减弱IPV轨迹。总体而言，对IPV的唯一纵向研究 迄今为止，SMA受到以下因素的限制：(A)仅在约会中纳入暴力；(B)未能评估 实施或双向IPV；(C)依赖主要由成年人组成的单一城市样本(18)； 以及(D)不包括或有限度地衡量少数群体的压力和复原力。我们建议解决这些问题 限制，并解释IPV体验(包括受害和受害)之间的预期关系 在不同的SMA队列中(年龄)、风险和复原力因素以及其他行为健康结果 基线为13-17)。我们依靠我们先前工作(1R01MD012252)中提炼的方法来招募全国样本 不同的SMA(即，种族和族裔、性别、城市化；N=1,500)通过混合社交媒体和 受访者驱动的抽样策略。我们将对参与者进行36个月的跟踪调查。由已建立的MPIS提出 (Goldbach，Stephenson)，Co-is(Rhodes，Schrager)，以及这一领域的生物统计学家(Mamey)，39-44我们的努力 集中于确定未来干预措施的目标，以减轻由 人口。

Project Summary Sexual minority adolescents (SMA; ages 13-17) experience higher rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) than their heterosexual peers, including being more likely to experience psychological and physical abuse, 9-11 and being four times more likely to experience rape. 12 However, this emerging body of literature has a number of significant limitations. First (Aim 1), studies have largely failed to look beyond victimization of IPV and have not measured IPV perpetration among SMA. Second (Aim 1), studies of IPV among SMA have approached SMA as a homogenous group and have not identified within-group differences in SMAs' experience of IPV, including by race, ethnicity, gender identity, or urbanicity. Research has been inconclusive in these regards, making hypotheses difficult, 13-20 although differences may inform intervention. Third (Aim 2), identified associations between the experience of IPV and negative health outcomes (i.e. mental health symptomology, substance use, homelessness) are largely cross-sectional: the temporal relationships between IPV and behavioral health for SMA across adolescence remains unclear. 21 Fourth (Aim 3), almost nothing is known of the unique etiological factors that influence IPV experiences for SMA. While cross-sectional studies have identified relationships between sexuality-based minority stress 22 and sexual assault, 13, 23-26 the prospective literature is nearly nonexistent. Finally (Aim 3), even less is known about how SMA-specific protective factors (such as access to LGBT-friendly services) 27-28,29-33 may attenuate IPV trajectories. In general, the only longitudinal studies of IPV among SMA to date are limited by (a) the inclusion of violence only in the context of dating; (b) a failure to assess perpetration or bidirectional IPV; (c) a reliance on single-city urban samples largely composed of adults (18+); and (d) the inclusion of no, or limited, measures of minority stress and resilience. We propose to address these limitations, and to explain the prospective relationships between IPV experiences (including victimization and perpetration), risk and resilience factors, and other behavioral health outcomes in a diverse cohort of SMA (ages 13–17 at baseline). We rely on methods refined in our prior work (1R01MD012252) to recruit a national sample of diverse SMA (i.e., race and ethnicity, gender, urbanicity; N = 1,500) through a hybrid social media and respondent-driven sampling strategy. We will follow participants for 36 months. Proposed by established MPIs (Goldbach, Stephenson), Co-Is (Rhoades, Schrager), and a biostatistician (Mamey) in this area, 39-44 our efforts are centered on identifying targets for future interventions to reduce the significant burden of IPV carried by this population.