TRD1: Functional Imaging

项目摘要 TRD1 TRD 1的首要主题是为功能成像开发强大的新工具：具体地说，开发- 开发先进的后处理方法以1)增强偏振敏感的内源对比度 OCT组织偏振技术，以及2)通过Dramati将OCT血管成像从伪技术转变为全3D技术。 从而提高了剖面质量和深度分辨率。OCT旋光法中的电流后处理 (PS-OCT)和血管造影术(OCTA)造成显著的分辨率损失-大约一个数量级-生成- 与原始OCT数据相比，空间分辨率较差的对比度。我们需要一个过程-- 能够保持空间分辨率以支持广泛的应用的ING技术，这些应用 目前不在OCT技术的范围内。该项目将开发一个概率处理框架 基于光散射和OCT成像的物理原理，该成像利用了函数的相似性。 常规信号通常出现在生物样品层析图像中。这一框架将允许估计 在不影响空间分辨率的情况下，基础结构和相关的对比度或功能。 目标1解决了对活体视网膜的高分辨率横截面偏振成像的需求。普罗巴- BILLIST PS-OCT提供了一种新的途径来保持原始硬件的分辨率，从而减轻了 光学分辨率增加，受人和动物的瞳孔大小限制，并伴随着不切实际的重新 景深中的感应性。这种新的能力，与配备自适应运算的PS-OCT硬件相结合， TICS，将能够确定视网膜中单个轴突束的偏振参数。会的 允许PS-OCT在体内灵敏地跟踪视网膜轴突变性，从而加速糖尿病的发展 神经保护剂用于治疗多发性硬化症，依赖于这种疾病的啮齿动物模型。 目标2解决在临床前和临床中提高OCTA的空间分辨率和质量的需求 通过进一步将概率框架扩展到OCT信号动力学来应用。OCTA也在展示- 眼科学在疾病早期诊断和监测中的潜在应用前景重大 包括青光眼和糖尿病视网膜病变；临床前应用包括成像动物模型，以改善 肿瘤生物学的地位。然而，其较差的横截面质量和分辨率限制了OCTA仅限于伪 3D成像技术，其深度分辨率通常比原始图像差四到八倍 OCT断层扫描，从而将血管造影分析限制在几乎所有应用中的面和层投影。 概率OCTA将改善传统OCTA缺乏深度分辨率的问题，克服了不敏感的缺点 到小毛细血管和真实血管尺寸的扭曲，这目前破坏了口径和血管- 大网络定量测量在眼科学中具有极大的临床意义。具有高横截面质量的OTA- ITE将扩大其在理解三维肿瘤微环境中的作用，并解锁 体积血管网络测量在临床前和临床应用中的作用。

Project Summary TRD 1 The overarching theme of TRD 1 is to develop powerful new tools for functional imaging: specifically, the devel- opment of advanced post-processing methods to 1) enhance endogenous contrast in polarization-sensitive OCT tissue polarimetry, and 2) transform OCT angiography from a pseudo- to a fully-3D technique by dramati- cally improving its cross-sectional quality and depth resolution. Current post-processing in OCT polarimetry (PS-OCT) and angiography (OCTA) imparts significant resolution loss—roughly one order of magnitude—gen- erating contrast with poor spatial resolution compared to the originating OCT data. There is a need for process- ing techniques capable of preserving spatial resolution to enable a broad range of applications that are presently outside the reach of OCT technology. This project will develop a probabilistic processing framework based on the physics of light scattering and OCT image formation that leverages from the similarity of func- tional signals typically present in biological sample tomograms. This framework will allow for estimation of the underlying structure and associated contrast—or function—without compromising spatial resolution. Aim 1 addresses the need for high-resolution cross-sectional polarimetric imaging of the living retina. Proba- bilistic PS-OCT offers a new pathway to preserve the originating hardware’s resolution, alleviating the need for increased optical resolution, limited by pupil size in human and animals and accompanied by an impractical re- duction in the depth of field. This novel capability, combined with PS-OCT hardware equipped with adaptive op- tics, will enable the determination of polarimetric parameters of individual axonal bundles in the retina. It will permit PS-OCT to sensitively track retinal axonal degeneration in vivo, thus accelerating the development of neuroprotective agents for the treatment of multiple sclerosis that rely on rodent models of this disease. Aim 2 addresses the need to improve the spatial resolution and quality of OCTA in both preclinical and clinical applications by further extending the probabilistic framework to the OCT signal dynamics. OCTA is also show- ing significant promise in ophthalmology for the potential use in the early diagnosis and monitoring of diseases including glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy; preclinical use include imaging animal models to improve under- standing of tumor biology. However, its poor cross-sectional quality and resolution restricts OCTA to a pseudo- 3D imaging technique, with a depth resolution most commonly four to eight times poorer than in the originating OCT tomogram, thus limiting angiographic analysis to en face and layer projections in virtually all applications. Probabilistic OCTA will improve the lacking depth resolution of conventional OCTA, overcoming the insensitivity to small capillaries and the distortion of true vessel dimensions, which currently undermine caliber and vascu- lar-network quantitative metrics of great clinical interest in ophthalmology. OCTA with high cross-sectional qual- ity would amplify its utility in the understanding of the three-dimensional tumor microenvironment, and unlock the power of volumetric vascular-network metrics in preclinical and clinical applications.