Deep learning for prediction of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia of the Alzheimer's type

摘要 阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆是主要的公共卫生挑战， 预计在未来几十年内会流行。阿尔茨海默病越来越被认为是一种网络- 水平效应和相互作用。在这个项目中，我们将开发一个深度学习模型来学习潜在的 功能性神经成像的代表性，以解开潜在的来源，更好地重建 数据。 fMRI中的深度学习方法面临着普遍性和可解释性的共同挑战。到 为了解决这些问题，系统将学习可以被解码和解释为空间的表示， 大脑网络的模式和时间动态;并容易推广到不同的主题，大脑 状态、行为任务和疾病状况，而无需从头开始重新设计或重新训练系统。 对阿尔茨海默病的关注是将这一概念用于临床应用的第一步。 我们将利用公开的大数据（例如，人类连接组计划-老化、阿兹海默症 神经影像学倡议）以及由NIA P30资助的密歇根大学的纵向队列研究。 阿尔茨海默病研究中心（MADRC）;该队列每年进行一次神经和 神经心理学评估，特别是独特的，因为它由约45%的非洲裔美国人组成。这 研究对少数民族人口特别重要，因为非洲裔美国人几乎是少数民族人口的两倍。 非西班牙裔白色美国人的认知能力下降;然而， 痴呆生物标志物是基于主要是非西班牙裔白色美国人的研究样本。 该项目的总体目标是开发一个增强的深度学习模型，以改进数据表示， 临床行为指标的亚型分类和预测，并将其应用于轻度认知领域 阿尔茨海默氏症（Alzheimer’s Type，DAT）是指阿尔茨海默氏症（Alzheimer’s Type，MCI）和阿尔茨海默氏症（Alzheimer’s Type，DAT）。

ABSTRACT Alzheimer’s disease and associated dementias are major public health challenges with a multifold increase in prevalence expected in the coming decades. Alzheimer’s disease is increasingly recognized as having network- level effects and interactions. In this project, we will develop a deep learning model to learn the latent representation of functional neuroimaging, in order to disentangle the underlying sources and better reconstruct the data. Deep learning approaches in fMRI have faced a common challenge on generalizability and explainability. To address these issues, the system will learn representations that can be decoded and interpreted as spatial patterns and temporal dynamics of brain networks; and be readily generalizable to different subjects, brain states, behavioral tasks, and disease conditions without a need to redesign or retrain the system from scratch. The proposed focus on Alzheimer’s disease is the first step in exploiting this notion for clinical application. We will leverage both publicly available large data (e.g., Human Connectome Project-Aging, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative) as well as the well-characterized longitudinal cohort of the NIA P30-funded Michigan Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (MADRC); this cohort undergoes annual neurological and neuropsychological evaluations and is particularly unique since it consists of ~45% African Americans. This research is particularly relevant for ethnic minority populations since African Americans are almost twice as likely to develop cognitive decline as Non-Hispanic white Americans; yet most of what has been learned about dementia biomarkers is based on study samples that are primarily Non-Hispanic white Americans. The overall goal of this project is to develop an enhanced deep learning model for improved data representation, subtype classification and prediction of clinical behavioral measures and apply it to the domain of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type (DAT).