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Establishing a Unified Framework of Spontaneous Brain Activity in Perception

建立感知中自发大脑活动的统一框架

基本信息

批准号：
10665667
负责人：
Biyu Jade He
金额：
$ 42.38万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2026-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10665667
关键词：
Address Anatomy Arousal Behavioral Brain Brain imaging Caring Categories Clinical Cognition Consumption Data Detection Discrimination Disease Evolution Foundations Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Hallucinations Human Image Imaging technology Individual Knowledge Laboratories Life Macular degeneration Magnetoencephalography Methods Modality Monitor Neuroanatomy Neurodegenerative Disorders Outcome Perception Perceptual Disorders Perceptual disturbance Process Research Role Schizophrenia Sensitivity and Specificity Sensory Shapes Specificity Stimulus Structure Techniques Technology Testing Time Visual Perception Work adjudication auditory stimulus cognitive function cognitive process cost experience experimental study improved innovation insight interest millisecond multimodality neural neuropsychiatry novel spatiotemporal temporal measurement theories visual processing visual stimulus

项目摘要

Project Summary The human brain is active all the time. Spontaneous brain activity is richly structured across space and time, and disruption of its organization carries serious clinical consequences. Yet, how spontaneous brain activity participates in online brain functioning remains an open question. In the perceptual domain, it is well established that prestimulus spontaneous activity can influence perceptual outcome, but exactly how it participates in stimulus and perceptual processing remains poorly understood. This gap in knowledge hinders our ability to explain and treat perceptual disturbances in a wide range of clinical disorders. The proposed project aims to close this gap. Two competing hypotheses about the functional mechanisms of spontaneous brain activity have been proposed: one proposes that it carries specific functional information shaped by previous sensory experiences; the other suggests that it largely reflects nonspecific changes in arousal or behavioral states. Recent work from our laboratory provided evidence that both hypotheses are correct and, in fact, two separate spontaneous processes coexist in the human brain that influence perception in a content-specific and a non-content-specific manner. In addition, these two spontaneous processes appear to have doubly dissociable influences on perceptual outcome, impacting sensitivity and criterion, respectively. These preliminary findings point to a novel, unifying framework for conceptualizing the functional (dual) role of spontaneous brain activity in perception. Here, we combine two advanced human brain imaging technologies with complementary spatial and temporal resolution—7-Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography—to test this new framework and address several urgent questions. Aim 1 (Anatomy): Which brain structures generate perceptually relevant content-specific and non-content-specific spontaneous brain activity? Aim 2 (Modality specificity): Which components of perceptually relevant spontaneous activity are constrained within a sensory modality and which components are shared across sensory modalities? Aim 3 (Cognition): Does perceptually relevant spontaneous activity have shared neural substrate with task-specific anticipatory brain activity? Answering these questions will reveal the neural underpinnings and functional mechanisms of perceptually relevant spontaneous brain activity. The proposed research will shed light on how spontaneous brain activity shapes perceptual processing and lay the foundation for a more mechanistic understanding of perceptual disturbances in a variety of neuropsychiatric illnesses. Our innovative approach will test a novel framework that has the potential to unify current competing theories and combine two complementary, cutting-edge technologies to monitor human brain activity. This work will advance knowledge of how spontaneous activity is involved in brain functions and produce insights that help to refine theories on perception.

项目摘要人类的大脑一直是活跃的。自发的大脑活动在空间和时间上有着丰富的结构，其组织的破坏会带来严重的临床后果。然而，自发的大脑活动参与在线大脑功能仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。在感知领域，刺激前自发活动可以影响知觉结果，但它究竟是如何参与的，刺激和知觉处理仍然知之甚少。这种知识上的差距阻碍了我们的能力，解释和治疗各种临床疾病中的知觉障碍。拟议项目旨在缩小这个差距。关于自发性大脑活动的功能机制，有两种相互竞争的假说：一种观点认为，它携带着由先前的感官经验形成的特定功能信息;另一种观点认为，这表明它在很大程度上反映了唤醒或行为状态的非特异性变化。我们最近的工作实验室提供的证据表明，这两个假设是正确的，事实上，两个独立的自发过程共存于人脑中，以特定于内容和非特定于内容的方式影响感知。在此外，这两个自发过程似乎对知觉结果有双重可分离的影响，分别影响灵敏度和标准。这些初步的发现指向了一个新颖的统一框架用于概念化感知中自发脑活动的功能（双重）作用。在这里，我们将联合收割机两种先进的人脑成像技术，分辨率-7特斯拉功能磁共振成像和脑磁图-以测试这种新的框架，并解决几个紧迫的问题。目标1（解剖学）：大脑结构产生感知相关的内容特异性和非内容特异性自发脑活动？目标2（方式特异性）：感知相关的自发活动的哪些组成部分被限制在一个感觉感觉模态之间共享哪些组件？目标3（认知）：在感知上相关的自发活动是否与任务特异性预期脑活动共享神经基质？回答这些问题将揭示知觉的神经基础和功能机制。相关的自发脑活动这项拟议中的研究将揭示自发的大脑活动如何塑造感知过程，对各种神经精神疾病中知觉障碍的更机械理解的基础疾病。我们的创新方法将测试一个新的框架，有可能统一目前的竞争，理论和联合收割机结合了两种互补的尖端技术来监测人脑活动。这项工作将推进自发活动如何参与大脑功能的知识，并产生有助于来完善感知理论