Biobehavioral Reward Responses Associated with Consumption of Nutritionally Diverse Ultra-Processed Foods

项目总结/摘要 我的职业目标是发展一个独立的研究计划，利用综合，多方法 一种研究超加工食品（UPFs）直接导致暴饮暴食的机制的方法 和肥胖。我作为临床心理学家的训练为我提供了一个强大的基础， 可能导致暴饮暴食的行为反应和有问题饮食的个体差异 行为然而，我没有接受过可能推动UPF消费的生物学基础方面的正式培训 我正在寻求在评估奖励过程和识别行为表型方面的高级培训 在肥胖症中。我的培训计划将建立在我的技能基础上，并在三个方面扩展我的知识： 调整用于确定奖励物质的强化成分的方法，以评估 UPFs的属性有助于它们的高回报潜力; 2）研究个体的生物标志物 食物奖励和对UPF消耗的生理和代谢反应的差异;以及3）识别 行为表型，以更好地了解UPF奖励的差异易感性。在 为了实现这些目标，我将在导师的指导下参加各种培训活动 团队，包括定期监督会议，指导阅读，出席课程，研讨会， 科学会议和实验室方法学培训。拟定研究将采用受试者内设计 通过评估生物行为奖励反应对高UPFs的差异来解决这些训练目标， 脂肪+精制碳水化合物，与仅含高脂肪或仅含精制碳水化合物或最低限度含精制碳水化合物的UPF相比 加工食品参加者每人将参加四次食物消费预约， 上述食物类型，其中将评估奖励和代谢反应的主观指数， 期待和吃食物。目前的工作是第一次阐明生物和行为 消费营养多样化的UPFs的经验，可能会机械地导致暴饮暴食。 了解UPFs中的哪些成分是最强化的，生物行为基础将为我们提供信息。 体重管理和有问题的饮食行为的新干预目标。处的环境 体重，饮食和生活方式科学中心和德雷克塞尔最先进的课程和研讨会 大学是我理想的训练目标。我的导师团队将由Evan Forman博士（教授， 心理与脑科学系;体重、饮食与生活方式科学中心主任） 包括凯利·艾利森博士（体重和饮食失调教授）在生物学方面的培训。 食物奖励的基础和珍妮特·奥德雷恩-麦戈文博士（成瘾问题教授）在方法学上的应用， 评估物质的强化性质。这一跨学科小组将促进成功实施 拟议的研究和培训计划，以及根据研究结果开发R01应用程序 从目前的工作。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT My career goal is to develop an independent research program that utilizes a comprehensive, multi-method approach to investigate mechanisms by which ultra-processed foods (UPFs) directly contribute to overeating and obesity. My training as a clinical psychologist has provided me with a strong foundation in understanding behavioral responses that may contribute to overeating and individual differences in problematic eating behavior. However, I have had no formal training in biological underpinnings that may drive UPF consumption and am seeking advanced training in evaluating reward processes and identifying behavioral phenotypes within obesity. My training plan will build upon my skillsets and expand my knowledge in three areas: 1) adapting methods used to identify the reinforcing ingredients of rewarding substances to assess which attributes of UPFs contribute to their high reward potential; 2) investigating biological markers of individual differences in food reward and physiological and metabolic responses to UPF consumption; and 3) identifying behavioral phenotypes within obesity in order to better understand differential susceptibility to UPF reward. In order to achieve these objectives, I will engage in a variety of training activities, guided by my mentorship team, including regular supervision meetings, directed readings, attendance at classes, seminars, and scientific conferences, and in-lab methodological training. The proposed study will use a within-subjects design to address these training goals by evaluating differences in biobehavioral reward responses to UPFs high in both fat + refined carbohydrates, compared to UPFs high in fat only or refined carbohydrates only or minimally processed foods. Participants will each attend four food consumption appointments, one for each aforementioned food type, where subjective indices of reward and metabolic responses will be assessed while anticipating and eating the food. The present work is the first to elucidate the biological and behavioral experiences of consuming nutritionally diverse UPFs that may mechanistically contribute to overeating. Understanding which ingredients in UPFs are most reinforcing and the biobehavioral underpinnings will inform novel intervention targets for weight management and problematic eating behavior. The environment at the Center for Weight, Eating, and Lifestyle Science and state-of-the-art coursework and seminars at Drexel University are ideal for my training goals. My mentorship team will be led by Dr. Evan Forman (Professor, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences; Director, Center for Weight, Eating, and Lifestyle Science) and includes training from Dr. Kelly Allison (Professor, Weight and Eating Disorders) in the biological underpinnings of food reward and Dr. Janet Audrain-McGovern (Professor, Addictions) in methodology used to assess the reinforcing nature of substances. This interdisciplinary team will facilitate successful implementation of the proposed research and training plan and the development of an R01 application based on the findings from the present work.