Estimating the Impact of Structural Factorson HIV Transmission: A Multi-agent Spatial Simulation Modeling Study

估计结构因素对 HIV 传播的影响：多主体空间模拟建模研究

• 批准号: 10547975
• 负责人: Shayla Nolen
• 金额: $ 4.68万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10547975
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; African American; African American population; American; Behavior; Black American; Black Populations; Caring; Characteristics; Cities; Communities; Complex; Data; Development; Disadvantaged; Epidemic; Exposure to; Foundations; Geography; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV diagnosis; HIV risk; Health care facility; Heterosexuals; Homelessness; Housing; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Imprisonment; Incidence; Individual; Infrastructure; Intervention; Lead; Medical; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Persons; Philadelphia; Policies; Population; Poverty; Probability; Public Health; Race; Research; Resources; Risk Behaviors; Social Work; Socioeconomic Factors; Structure; Study models; Surveillance Program; Taxes; Testing; Time; United States; Work; base; black men; black women; health care availability; health goals; innovation; interest; low socioeconomic status; male; mathematical model; metropolitan; migration; model development; models and simulation; mortality; neighborhood disadvantage; research and development; residence; residential segregation; social; success; testing services; transmission process; treatment adherence; treatment services; trend; urban setting

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The disparity in HIV incidence rates between African Americans/Blacks and whites continues to grow. Interventions aimed towards reducing HIV incidence by changing individual-level behaviors have been implemented among African Americans/Blacks. Unfortunately, there has been little to no success in closing the gap between the two racial groups. Many studies have determined neighborhood-level factors (e.g., neighborhood disadvantage, poverty, and incarceration) significantly influence HIV-related risk behaviors, engagement in testing and treatment, and adherence to HIV care and mortality among African Americans/Blacks, especially those who identify as heterosexual. In this study, we will develop a multi-agent spatial simulation model that will estimate the effect of neighborhood-level factors such as neighborhood disadvantage and gentrification on HIV incidence among heterosexual African American/Black adults to develop interventions that can reduce transmission among this population. We will first implement spatial dynamics into an agent-based model to create the multi-agent spatial simulation model. We will then estimate the effect of neighborhood disadvantage on HIV incidence among heterosexual African American/Black adults. Next, we will evaluate the effect of migration and gentrification on HIV incidence within this population by integrating migration into the model. Using innovative methods such as multi-agent spatial simulation modeling, we will simulate the complex interactions between individual-level behaviors, networks, and neighborhoods for estimating the structural influence of HIV on a population level and test structural-level interventions. We will be the first to develop a spatially dynamic model for studying HIV among heterosexual African American/Black adults in an urban setting through the development of the model. This research will also be used as a framework for estimating structural influences on populations in different jurisdictions within the United States to reduce HIV-related disparities and the structures that allow it to prosper.

项目总结/文摘