Bilingual discourse comprehension: How is text integration affected by overlap in language?

双语话语理解：语言重叠如何影响文本整合？

• 批准号: 10629501
• 负责人: Ana I Schwartz
• 金额: $ 15.14万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS EL PASO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-13 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10629501
• 关键词: Academic achievement; Adult; Affect; Analysis of Covariance; Area; Basic Science; Characteristics; Cognitive; Comprehension; Degree Completion; Disparity; Education; Educational Models; Eye Movements; Goals; Hispanic; Influentials; Language; Latino; Linguistics; Modeling; Nature; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Performance; Population; Process; Reader; Reading; Reporting; Research; Retrieval; Science; Students; Testing; Text; Update; Work; Writing; base; bilingualism; cohort; college; efficacy evaluation; experience; follow-up; health care quality; implicit memory; improved; literacy; memory process; reading ability; response; skills; texting support; theories; university student; virtual

Adults who have completed less education live shorter and less healthy lives. All indicators are that this disparity is growing. Educational outcomes are closely tied to literacy and reading skill. In order to improve educational outcomes for all students we need a research base that reflects the population. This is currently not the case. Still today most research on reading is based on English-speaking monolinguals. Yet, we know from recent research that reading for bilinguals is fundamentally different from monolinguals. Therefore, theories based on monolingual speakers cannot be applied across the gamut of language experience and linguistic diversity. The long- term objective of this line of research is to test and extend current theories of reading so that they address the unique cognitive characteristics of bilingual readers. The short-term goal of this proposal is to test and extend a specific, influential model of discourse comprehension, the landscape model, to bilingual readers. According to the model readers integrate information across text through two types of retrieval: cohort-based retrieval and coherence-based retrieval. Cohort-based retrieval is an implicit memory process, based on an automatic spread of activation. Depending on a reader’s goals for comprehension, they may engage in more effortful, coherence-based retrieval. This form of retrieval is controlled, deliberate and engaged when a discrepancy is detected. Through this form of retrieval a reader seeks to establish global coherence, seeking a way to integrate incoming information with an on-going representation of the text as a whole. The specific aims of this proposal are to examine how the strength of cohort-activation (Specific Aim 1) and coherence-based retrieval (Specific Aim 2) are affected by the (1) match in language across texts, (2) genre of text and (3) cross-language reading experience for bilinguals. The overall approach to achieving these aims will consist of presenting Spanish-English bilingual university students pairs of text passages to read while their eye-movements are recorded. Half of the passages will be narratives and half will be expository, science texts. Passages will contain some facts that are revised in the second passage, requiring the reader to update their representation of the discourse. Second passages will either be in the same or different language as the first passage. The impact of these variables on reading times for critical areas of text and responses to follow-up comprehension questions will be examined through linear mixed-effect models and ANCOVA’s. We will also include in the analyses scores that reflect participants’ experience reading in each of their languages.

受教育程度较低的成年人寿命较短，健康状况较差。各项指标均 这种差距正在扩大。教育成果与识字和阅读技能密切相关。 为了提高所有学生的教育成果，我们需要一个研究基地， 人口。目前情况并非如此。直到今天，大多数关于阅读的研究都是基于 英语单语者然而，我们从最近的研究中得知，双语者的阅读 与单语者有着根本的不同因此，基于单语者的理论 不能适用于所有语言经验和语言多样性。很长的- 这一研究方向长期目标是检验和扩展现有的阅读理论， 它们针对双语读者独特的认知特点。短期目标是 建议是测试和扩展一个具体的，有影响力的话语理解模型， 景观模型，给双语读者。读者根据模型整合信息 通过两种类型的检索：基于队列的检索和基于连贯性的检索。 基于队列的提取是一种内隐记忆过程，基于自动扩散的记忆， activation.根据读者的理解目标，他们可能会参与更多 基于连贯性的检索。这种形式的检索是有控制的、深思熟虑的和参与的 当检测到差异时。通过这种形式的检索，读者试图建立全球性的 连贯性，寻求一种方法，将传入的信息与正在进行的 整个案文。本建议的具体目的是研究 集群激活（具体目标1）和基于连贯性的检索（具体目标2）受到影响 通过（1）语篇间的语言匹配，（2）语篇体裁，（3）跨语言阅读 双语者的经验。实现这些目标的总体办法包括： 给西语-英语双语大学生提供成对的文本段落阅读， 记录他们的眼球运动。一半的段落将是叙述，一半将是 暂时的，科学课本。段落将包含一些在第二部分中修改的事实 文章的段落，要求读者更新他们对话语的表述。第二通道 将使用与第一段相同或不同的语言。实体就雇员 文本关键区域的阅读时间变量和后续理解反应 问题将通过线性混合效应模型和ANCOVA的。我们还将 包括在分析分数中，这些分数反映了参与者在他们的每一次阅读中的体验。 语言