High-Speed High-Sensitivity Detector for X-ray Micro-Crystallography at GM/CA@APS

项目摘要 GM/CA @ APS作为国家用户设施运营着两条非常成功的波荡器光束线， Advanced Photon Source（APS）的大分子晶体学。GM/CA集团开发 并在微晶体学领域运营世界领先的光束线，提供用户可选择的“最小光束” 所有样品的尺寸均小至5微米。使用户能够快速、可靠地改变光束大小， 在没有员工参与的情况下按需优化给定项目的光束尺寸， 实验实践的彻底改变。显微结晶学的硬件与 JBluIce用户界面中的高级软件工具。基本的工具包括光栅化，以找到微 晶体在复杂的安装或确定最好的衍射区域较大的不均匀样品， 螺旋数据收集以沿沿着杆状晶体分布剂量， 粘性射流或固定目标。因此，GM/CA光束线由于高的 越来越多的研究人员对NIH资助的结构性项目提出了挑战。 我们即将进入一个激动人心的新阶段。我们的愿景是提供最高分辨率的数据 从结构生物学的挑战性问题中可以实现，这些问题往往会产生微小的，弱衍射的 晶体APS将于2023年4月关闭。储存环将升级（APS-U）， 一代多弯曲消色差存储环，将X射线亮度提高两到三个数量级， 这取决于X射线的能量。为了准备2024年4月的APS-U启动，新的 聚焦光学器件安装在23 ID-D上。新的镜子将把APS-U光源聚焦成一束， 小到5微米，新的复合折射透镜将提供1微米的强光束。 APS-U光源和新光学器件的结合是结构生物学的一个改变游戏规则的机会。 然而，光束线23 ID-D有一个Pilatus 3 6 M探测器，当APS-U启动时，该探测器将使用十年 ，必须更换。为了实现我们的愿景，我们建议购买Eiger 2 XE 16 M CdTe 来自Dectris，AG的检测器，具有高量子效率的下一代高速、高计数率检测器， 用于检测能量为6 - 35 keV的X射线的效率。

Project Summary GM/CA @ APS operates two highly successful undulator beamlines as a national user facility for macromolecular crystallography at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). The GM/CA group develops and operates world-leading beamlines in micro-crystallography, offering user-selectable “min-beam” sizes down to 5 m for all samples. Giving users the ability to change beam size rapidly, reliably, and on-demand without staff involvement to optimize the beam size for a given project has led to a sweeping change in experimental practice. The hardware for micro-crystallography is coupled with sophisticated software tools in the JBluIce user interface. Essential tools include rastering to find micro- crystals in complex mounts or to identify the best diffracting regions of larger inhomogeneous samples, helical data collection to distribute dose along rod-shaped crystals and serial data collection from viscous jets or fixed targets. Consequently, the GM/CA beamlines are oversubscribed due to the high demand by a growing number of investigators with challenging NIH-funded structural projects. We are about to embark on an exciting new phase. Our vision is to provide the highest resolution data achievable from challenging problems in structural biology that tend to yield tiny, weakly diffracting crystals. The APS will shut down in April of 2023. The storage ring will be upgraded (APS-U) with a 4th generation multi-bend achromat storage ring, increasing the X-ray brightness by two to three orders of magnitude depending on the X-ray energy. In preparation for the APS-U start-up in April 2024, new focusing optics were installed on 23ID-D. The new mirrors will focus the APS-U source to a beam as small as ~5-microns, and new Compound Refractive Lenses will provide an intense ~1-micron beam. Combining the APS-U source and the new optics is a game-changing opportunity for structural biology. However, beamline 23ID-D has a Pilatus3 6M detector that will be ten years old when the APS-U starts up and must be replaced. To realize our vision, we propose to purchase an Eiger2 XE 16M CdTe detector from Dectris, AG, a next-generation high-speed, high count rate detector with high quantum efficiency for the detection of X-rays with energies from 6 – 35 keV.