High-Speed High-Sensitivity Detector for X-ray Micro-Crystallography at GM/CA@APS

GM/CA@APS 用于 X 射线微晶体学的高速高灵敏度探测器

• 批准号: 8734283
• 负责人: ROBERT F. FISCHETTI
• 金额: $ 200万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8734283
• 关键词: Biological; Caliber; Collection; Coupled; Crystallography; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Funding; Generations; Individual; Measures; Noise; Pattern; Photons; Reading; Research Personnel; Resolution; Roentgen Rays; Sampling; Series; Signal Transduction; Software Tools; Source; Speed; Structure; Synchrotrons; System; United States National Institutes of Health; base; beamline; detector; improved; macromolecule; meetings; operation; tool

Project Summary GM/CA @ APS operates a national user facility for macromolecular crystallography at the Advanced Photon Source. The two GM/CA undulator beamlines are world leaders in micro-crystallography due to a series of technical breakthroughs accomplished during the dozen years of GM/CA's development and operations. A unique operational feature of the micro-crystallography capability is the seamless integration of "mini-beams" with the "large beam", enabling users to interchange the full beam (up to ~25x70 mm) with any of three mini-beams (5- mm, 10-mm and 20-mm diameter), and to do so rapidly (<3 sec), reliably and on demand for every sample as frequently as desired without need for beam realignment. The hardware for micro-crystallography is coupled with sophisticated software tools in the JBluIce user interface. A key tool is a raster feature to find micro-crystals in complex mounts or to identify the best diffracting regions of larger inhomogeneous samples. As a consequence of these developments, the GM/CA beamlines are oversubscribed due to the high demand by a growing number of investigators with challenging NIH-funded structural projects. Many have used the micro- crystallography capability to measure high-quality diffraction data from the most demanding types of samples, ultimately resulting in solved structures for systems of great biomedical significance. The beamlines have outgrown their current CCD-based detectors, which are inadequate for modern micro- crystallography practice, where far more samples are screened than data sets are collected and extensive rastering on individual samples is common practice. The previous generation of detectors does not have the speed and sensitivity to accurately measure weak reflections at the limits of the diffraction patterns, resulting in the unacceptable loss of the crucial high-resolution data. This application is a request for replacement of an outdated CCD-based detector with a high-speed, high- dynamic-range pixel-array detector (PAD) that is suited to the powerful micro-crystallography capabilities of the GM/CA beamlines and that will meet the needs of the NIH-funded investigators who make up the great majority of the GM/CA user base. PADs have been installed at several synchrotron sources worldwide where they are revolutionizing macromolecule data collection. The Pilatus3 6M PAD has a read-out rate 300-fold greater than the CCD-based detectors and a 23-fold greater dynamic range. The low read-out noise of the PAD and photon-counting read-out mode will result in a vastly improved signal-to-noise ratio to facilitate the collection of higher resolution data from challenging biological crystals.

项目摘要 GM/CA@APS在美国高级研究中心运营着一个用于大分子结晶学的国家用户设施 光子源。两条GM/CA波荡器光束线在微晶学领域处于世界领先地位，原因是 GM/CA在十几年的发展和发展中取得的一系列技术突破 行动。微晶学能力的一个独特的操作特征是无缝 将“微梁”与“大梁”相结合，使用户能够互换全梁(最多 ~25x70 mm)与三个微梁(直径5 mm、10 mm和20 mm)中的任何一个)，并且迅速地这样做( 秒)，在不需要光束的情况下，以所需的频率可靠地和按需地对每个样品进行 重新调整。微晶学的硬件与复杂的软件工具结合在一起 JBluIce用户界面。一个关键工具是一种栅格功能，用于在复杂的支架中查找微晶体或 确定较大的非均匀样品的最佳衍射区。由于这些原因， 由于越来越多的高需求，GM/CA光束线被超额认购 对NIH资助的结构项目提出质疑的调查人员。许多人已经使用了微型- 测量最苛刻类型的高质量衍射数据的结晶学能力 样品，最终导致具有重大生物医学意义的系统的解决结构。这个 光束线已经不能满足当前基于ccd的探测器的需要，而这种探测器不能满足现代微电子系统的需要。 结晶学实践，筛选的样品远远多于收集的数据集 对单个样本进行广泛的栅格扫描是常见的做法。上一代探测器 没有足够的速度和灵敏度来精确测量 这将导致关键的高分辨率数据的不可接受的丢失。这 应用是要求用高速、高速、高精度的探测器取代过时的基于电荷耦合器件的探测器. 适用于高性能微晶学的动态范围像素阵列探测器 这将满足NIH资助的调查人员的需求，这些调查人员 构成了GM/CA用户基础的绝大多数。已在几个同步加速器安装了衬垫 在全球范围内，他们正在彻底改变高分子数据收集。皮拉图斯3米6 PAD的读出速率是基于CCD的探测器的300倍，动态读出速度是基于CCD的探测器的23倍 射程。衬垫和光子计数读出模式的低读出噪声将导致极大的 提高了信噪比，便于收集更高分辨率的挑战数据 生物晶体。

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