Construal level as a novel pathway for affect regulation and cancer control

解释水平作为情感调节和癌症控制的新途径

• 批准号: 10666142
• 负责人: Elliot Todd Berkman
• 金额: $ 9.28万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OREGON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10666142
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Administrative Supplement; Adopted; Affect; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavioral Sciences; Cancer Control; Communities; Complement; Complex; Data; Data Science; Health; Heterogeneity; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Life; Maintenance; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Modeling; Neurotic Disorders; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Personality Assessment; Persons; Process; Psyche structure; Psychological Theory; Public Health; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Sample Size; Sampling; Science; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Social Sciences; Techniques; Testing; Thinking; Treatment Efficacy; Validation; Work; acceptability and feasibility; base; behavior change; cigarette craving; cigarette smoking; cognitive ability; contextual factors; craving; flexibility; innovation; insight; intervention effect; intervention program; large scale data; negative affect; novel; programs; prospective; recruit; response; smoking cessation; theories; tool; treatment response

Project Summary/Abstract A pervasive problem faced by the science of behavior change is that not all people respond to the same degree - if at all - to a given intervention program. Even the “best” treatments in terms of main effects fail to produce change in some people, and even the “worst” treatments by the same measure can be highly effective for some individuals. A principled, powerful tool that could rigorously identify and test candidate moderators of intervention effects, answering the question, “what works for whom?”, would greatly advance the science of behavior change. Attempts to address that question have led the scientific community to focus on moderators of intervention response. A more precise science of behavior change moves beyond “main effects” comparisons, which describe the efficacy of intervention programs in terms of only the average level of behavior change within a group, to more sensitive analyses that model an intervention’s expected behavior change for individual people depending on their scores on moderating factors. This supplement presents a conceptual framework and a proof-of-concept study for using large-scale data to identify and test potential moderators of behavior change programs. Specifically, the proposed work will establish moderators - one based in theory and others identified in a principled, data-driven way - of an ongoing intervention to reduce cigarette smoking. The proposed work is responsive to NOT-OD-22-140 (“Administrative Supplement for Research Efforts that Illuminate Fundamental Processes Underlying Behavior Change, Maintenance, and Adherence”) because it will “examine causal, process, or contextual variables that…are hypothesized to be associated with or contributing to (mediators or moderators) of an intervention study’s main effect (efficacy) over the course of behavior initiation and maintenance.” The parent R01 hypothesizes that high-level construal (i.e., thinking about the act of smoking cessation in abstract terms such as “promoting a healthy life”) will increase participants’ desire to quit and reduce their craving for cigarettes. However, high-level construal draws upon complex mental processing and verbal fluency, so its efficacy might well depend on a person’s cognitive ability. We will test this notion in a new, high-powered, online sample of smokers who will view a subset of the intervention materials and complete an innovative measure of cognitive ability (Aim 1). Additionally, because theories can be incorrect or incomplete, the same sample of people recruited for Aim 1 will complete the broad-bandwidth Synthetic Aperture Personality Assessment (SAPA) of individual differences to provide a more thorough search space for candidate moderators (Aim 2). This approach complements the theory-driven strategy adopted in Aim 1 and provides a proof-of-concept demonstration of a new tool to systematically identify and test candidate moderators of intervention effects. The public health impact of knowledge about moderators would be to optimally and prospectively assign people to a treatment that is likely to be efficacious in helping them change behaviors relevant to health.

项目总结/摘要 行为改变科学面临的一个普遍问题是，并非所有人对相同的行为做出反应。 程度-如果有的话-到一个给定的干预计划。即使是“最好的”治疗方法在主要影响方面也失败了， 在某些人身上产生变化，即使是用同样的方法进行的“最糟糕”的治疗也可能非常有效 对某些人来说。一个有原则的，功能强大的工具，可以严格识别和测试候选主持人， 干预效果，回答问题，“什么对谁有效？"，将极大地推进 行为改变为了解决这个问题，科学界把注意力集中在调节器上 的干预反应。更精确的行为改变科学超越了“主要影响” 比较，它描述了干预计划的有效性，仅在平均水平方面， 行为变化，更敏感的分析，模型干预的预期行为 个人的变化取决于他们在调节因素上的得分。本补充文件提出了一个 概念框架和概念验证研究，以利用大规模数据确定和测试潜力 行为改变项目的主持人。具体而言，拟议的工作将建立主持人-一个 以理论为基础，并以原则性的、数据驱动的方式确定其他因素-持续干预， 吸烟。拟议的工作是响应NOT-OD-22-140（“行政补充， 阐明行为改变、维持和发展的基本过程的研究工作 坚持”），因为它将“检查因果，过程或上下文变量......被假设为 与干预研究的主要效应（有效性）相关或促成（中介或调节） 在行为启动和维持的过程中。”父R 01假设高水平 连接（即，从抽象的角度思考戒烟行为，如“促进健康”， “生活”）会增加参与者戒烟的欲望，并减少他们对香烟的渴望。然而，高级别 consciousness依赖于复杂的心理处理和语言流畅性，因此它的功效很可能取决于 一个人的认知能力我们将在一个新的，高功率的，在线吸烟者样本中测试这一概念， 我将观看干预材料的子集，并完成认知能力的创新测量 (Aim 1）。此外，由于理论可能是不正确或不完整的，同一样本的人， 为目标1招募的人员将完成宽带合成孔径个性评估（SAPA）， 个人差异，为候选主持人提供更全面的搜索空间（目标2）。这 这种方法补充了目标1中采用的理论驱动战略，并提供了概念验证 演示一种新工具，以系统地确定和测试干预效果的候选调节者。 关于调节剂的知识对公共卫生的影响将是最佳和前瞻性地分配 人们接受一种治疗，这种治疗可能有效地帮助他们改变与健康相关的行为。