Work Design, Self-Management, and Work Ability in Workers with Diabetes

糖尿病员工的工作设计、自我管理和工作能力

• 批准号: 10666961
• 负责人: Alyssa Kate McGonagle
• 金额: $ 7.7万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA CHARLOTTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10666961
• 关键词: Work; Design; Self; Management; Ability

PROJECT SUMMARY Diabetes is a common chronic condition among U.S. adults, affecting an estimated 34.1 million adults; it also disproportionately affects those of lower socio-economic status. Diabetes management is complex, involving lifestyle changes (i.e., physical activity and dietary changes), weight management, glucose level monitoring, the use of oral medications or insulin, and regular medical care visits. Unfortunately, poor treatment adherence increases the risk for diabetes related complications (e.g., chronic kidney disease, vision loss, heart disease, and nerve damage) and mortality. The workplace is a critical context that can influence disease management, and work can interfere with health management in workers with chronic conditions. Blue-collar and service sector workers are likely at greater risk, given their relative lack of flexibility at work compared to white-collar workers. Our long-term goal is to develop and assess an intervention to address work-related factors that lead to low work ability, and poor self-management in blue-collar and service workers with diabetes, as such interventions are currently lacking. In this current R03 study, we assess work-related predictors of diabetes self-management and work ability in U.S. blue-collar and service sector workers with diabetes; results will inform future interventions. This R03 study is a mixed methods study, in which we will first interview 25 blue- collar and service workers with type 2 diabetes to get their perceptions of what they need at work to maintain their work ability and manage their diabetes alongside work. This qualitative data will allow us to check some of our propositions from theory, revise the model, and/or add variables that we did not initially propose. Then, we will validate the resulting model using quantitative survey data from 270 workers with diabetes at two time points, and finish with interviews with 5 workers with diabetes to check survey study results. The model will include work-related predictors (organizational support, supervisor support, health-supportive supervisor behaviors, job control, various forms of flexibility), individual predictors (habit strength, diabetes management self-efficacy, and disease burden), and work ability and diabetes self-management (unintentional medication non-adherence, glucose monitoring, physical activity, dietary management, and medical appointments) as outcomes. Results will include identifying the most important predictors of self-management and work ability through relative importance analysis. This work supports NIOSH’s Total Worker Health® (TWH) mission, NIOSH’s strategic goal 7 and strategic goals of the Healthy Work Design and Well-Being cross-sector program to promote safe and healthy work design and well-being in vulnerable workers. Scientific outputs will include presentations and peer-reviewed journal articles that present study results. In terms of Research to Practice (R2P), these data will provide necessary information prior to developing and evaluating an organizational intervention to support workers with diabetes, which we plan to do in a future R01 proposal. Through these outputs, this study will address a critical unmet need in the U.S. workforce.

项目摘要 糖尿病是美国成年人中常见的慢性疾病，估计影响3410万成年人;它还 对社会经济地位较低者的影响尤为严重。糖尿病管理是复杂的，涉及 生活方式改变（即，身体活动和饮食变化），体重管理，葡萄糖水平监测， 口服药物或胰岛素的使用，以及定期的医疗护理。不幸的是，治疗依从性差 增加糖尿病相关并发症的风险（例如，慢性肾病，视力下降，心脏病， 和神经损伤）和死亡率。工作场所是影响疾病管理的关键环境， 工作会干扰慢性病工人的健康管理。蓝领和服务业 与白领相比，部门工作人员的工作相对缺乏灵活性，因此他们可能面临更大的风险 工人我们的长期目标是开发和评估一种干预措施，以解决与工作相关的因素， 糖尿病蓝领和服务人员的工作能力低，自我管理差， 目前缺乏干预措施。在目前的R 03研究中，我们评估了与工作相关的糖尿病预测因素， 自我管理和工作能力在美国蓝领和服务部门的糖尿病工人;结果将 为今后的干预提供信息。这项R 03研究是一项混合方法研究，我们将首先采访25名蓝色- 2型糖尿病的白领和服务人员，以了解他们在工作中需要什么来维持 他们的工作能力，并在工作的同时管理糖尿病。这些定性数据将使我们能够检查一些 我们的命题从理论，修改模型，和/或添加变量，我们没有最初提出的。然后我们 将使用270名糖尿病工人在两个时间点的定量调查数据验证所得模型 点，并完成与5名糖尿病工人的访谈，以检查调查研究结果。该模型将 包括与工作有关预测因素（组织支助、主管支助、保健支助主管 行为，工作控制，各种形式的灵活性），个人预测因素（习惯强度，糖尿病管理 自我效能和疾病负担），以及工作能力和糖尿病自我管理（无意用药 不依从、血糖监测、体力活动、饮食管理和医疗预约）， 结果。结果将包括确定自我管理和工作能力的最重要的预测因素 通过相对重要性分析。这项工作支持NIOSH的全面工人健康®（TWH）使命， NIOSH的战略目标7和健康工作设计和福利跨部门计划的战略目标 促进安全和健康的工作设计和弱势工人的福祉。科学产出将包括 介绍研究结果的演示文稿和同行评审的期刊文章。从研究到实践 (R2P)，这些数据将在开发和评估组织结构之前提供必要的信息。 我们计划在未来的R 01提案中进行干预，以支持糖尿病工人。通过这些 产出，这项研究将解决美国劳动力的关键未满足的需求。