Perceived Ethnic Discrimination and Cognitive Function in Mexican-origin Adults

墨西哥裔成年人的种族歧视感知和认知功能

• 批准号: 10666946
• 负责人: Elizabeth Munoz
• 金额: $ 24.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10666946
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Adverse effects; Age; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Anxiety; Area; Attention; Buffers; Chronic stress; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Country; Data; Data Collection; Development; Discrimination; Disparate; Distress; Ecological momentary assessment; Elderly; Ethnic Origin; Feeling; Future; Health; Health Disparities Research; Hispanic; Hour; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Language; Latinx; Latinx population; Life; Linguistics; Link; Loneliness; Longevity; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Mental Health; Mexican; National Institute on Aging; Older Population; Outcome; Participant; Performance; Persons; Population; Population Study; Prevention; Process; Protocols documentation; Psychological Tests; Psychosocial Stress; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Selection Bias; Source; Stress; Surveys; Testing; Texas; Time; United States; Well in self; age related; anxiety symptoms; cognitive function; cognitive performance; cognitive task; cognitive testing; critical period; depressive symptoms; economic disparity; ethnic discrimination; ethnic diversity; experience; flexibility; handheld mobile device; health inequalities; innovation; middle age; negative affect; perceived discrimination; physical conditioning; protective factors; psychologic; psychosocial; psychosocial resources; psychosocial stressors; racial diversity; resilience; response; social

PROJECT SUMMARY Hispanic/Latinx (henceforth, Latinx) adults currently have a 50% greater risk for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) compared to non-Latinx White adults. Latinx populations experience greater social, environmental, and economic disadvantage that heightens psychosocial stress, increasing vulnerability for poor cognitive health outcomes. Perceived ethnic discrimination is a psychosocial stressor that reflects individual experiences of being treated badly or unfairly because of their ethnicity, and may be a critical risk factor for reduced cognitive health. Latinxs in the U.S. are diverse in multiple ways warranting a within population study of Latinxs. Mexican-origin adults constitute 62% of the Latinx population in the U.S. Thus, evaluating risk and protective factors in Mexican-origin adults will elucidate mechanisms of cognitive health inequities in the largest portion of the Latinx U.S. population. Midlife is a critical time to evaluate precursors of disparate cognitive health outcomes in late life and identifying predictors of cognitive health in this developmental stage can inform early prevention and intervention efforts. The proposed research will uncover how perceived ethnic discrimination is associated with cognitive function in Mexican-origin adults in midlife by implementing a within day, ecological momentary assessment, protocol to measure discrimination and cognitive functioning throughout the day. This R21 study will break new ground in understanding increased risk of ADRD within the Latinx population by examining cognitive functioning associated with discrimination when it occurs in daily life, by incorporating linguistically and culturally appropriate ambulatory assessments of daily experiences and cognition using mobile devices. The proposed protocol will be inclusive and accessible on the language of surveys and assessments used, and will accommodate baseline data collection settings to garner inclusivity and reduce selection bias in this area of research. Study investigators will collect data from 100 Mexican-origin adults between the ages of 45 to 65 who live in Central Texas, to test the aims of the study. Aim 1 will evaluate daily associations between experiences of discrimination and performance on cognitive tasks of attention and memory. This aim will also test if the observed links vary across age. Aim 2 will test psychological mechanisms (e.g., increased negative affect) from experiences of discrimination to cognitive functioning. Aim 3 will investigate psychosocial sources of resilience in the association between experiences of discrimination and cognitive function in Mexican-origin adults by testing the moderating role of individual differences in psychological (e.g., purpose in life) and social (e.g., familism) resources. This study will increase understanding of risk and protective factors for reduced cognitive health among Mexican-origin adults—a priority sub-population in the National Institute on Aging’s Health Disparities Research Framework—to inform future prevention and intervention efforts aimed at promoting healthy cognitive aging in Latinx adults.

项目概要 目前，西班牙裔/拉丁裔（以下简称拉丁裔）成年人患阿尔茨海默病的风险比其他人高 50% 与非拉丁裔白人成年人相比，相关痴呆症（ADRD）。拉丁裔人群经历了更多的社交、 环境和经济劣势加剧了社会心理压力，增加了脆弱性 认知健康结果不佳。感知到的种族歧视是一种社会心理压力源，反映了 因种族原因而受到恶劣或不公平对待的个人经历，可能是一个重大风险 认知健康状况下降的因素。美国的拉丁裔在很多方面都是多样化的，这保证了他们内部的多样性 拉丁裔人口研究。墨西哥裔成年人占美国拉丁裔人口的 62% 因此， 评估墨西哥裔成年人的风险和保护因素将阐明认知健康的机制 美国最大部分拉丁裔人口中的不平等现象。中年是评估前兆的关键时期 晚年不同的认知健康结果，并确定此阶段认知健康的预测因素 发育阶段可以为早期预防和干预工作提供信息。拟议的研究将揭示 墨西哥裔中年成年人的种族歧视感知与认知功能有何关联 实施一天之内的生态瞬时评估协议，以衡量歧视和 全天的认知功能。这项 R21 研究将为理解风险增加开辟新天地 通过检查与歧视相关的认知功能，了解拉丁裔人群中的 ADRD 通过结合语言和文化上适当的日常动态评估，发生在日常生活中 使用移动设备的体验和认知。拟议的协议将具有包容性并可在 使用的调查和评估语言，并将适应基线数据收集设置以收集 包容性并减少该研究领域的选择偏差。研究人员将收集 100 名研究人员的数据 居住在德克萨斯州中部、年龄在 45 岁至 65 岁之间的墨西哥裔成年人，以测试该研究的目的。 目标 1 将评估歧视经历与认知表现之间的日常关联 注意力和记忆力任务。该目标还将测试观察到的联系是否因年龄而异。目标 2 将进行测试 从歧视经历到认知的心理机制（例如，增加的负面影响） 发挥作用。目标 3 将调查经历与经历之间的关联中复原力的社会心理来源。 通过测试个体的调节作用来研究墨西哥裔成年人的歧视和认知功能 心理（例如，人生目的）和社会（例如，家庭主义）资源的差异。这项研究将增加 了解墨西哥裔成年人认知健康状况下降的风险和保护因素——a 国家老龄化研究所健康差异研究框架中的优先人群——以告知 未来的预防和干预工作旨在促进拉丁裔成年人健康的认知衰老。