Impacts of Drone Distractions on Working Safety at Heights in Construction

项目摘要/摘要 该项目的总体目标是调查无人机的存在(视觉外观和/或飞行 高空作业会分散工人的注意力，影响他们的工作安全。两个假设是 建议。第一种假设是，无人机的存在转移了工人的视觉注意力，这样他们就可以 没有像正常情况下那样意识到楼层前缘和无人看守的开口的危险。第二 假设无人机的存在需要工人付出额外的努力来保持他们在工作时的平衡 在倾斜曲面上。为了验证这两个假设，我们设计并进行了两个实验。在第一个 实验共24名受试者。每个参与者都被要求佩戴眼球跟踪耳机并挑选 并在不同无人机飞行条件下的虚拟施工场景中放置一个盒子(7.5公斤)。与凝视相关的 计算指标，即注视时间和注视次数，以测量参与者在 识别前缘和无人看守的开口。在第二个实验中，12名测试参与者是 牵涉其中。每个参与者都被要求在不同的组合下在屋顶模拟器上模拟瓦片任务 姿势、坡度和无人机干预。身体的压力中心、重心和底座 支持度被用来衡量参与者在瓦片任务中保持平衡的努力。这个 这两个实验的测量结果通过统计检验得到了进一步的分析。这样一来，量化的 无人机飞行与其对高空建筑工人分心的影响之间的关系可能是 已经成立了。 这些数量关系将是该项目的主要成果。他们将建立一个坚实的基础来帮助 职业安全和健康社区制定了关于在建筑中使用无人机的指导方针和法规 工作场所。预计该项目将有助于实现Nora建筑部门的战略目标 6：改善工作场所安全以减少创伤伤害“，重点是中期目标6.3：伤害 与新兴技术(例如机器人和外骨骼)有关“。此外，该项目的研究团队将 与威斯康星州和西弗吉尼亚州的建筑承包商合作。基于以下方面的结果和发现 在这个项目中，他们将共同努力1)确定可以采取哪些政策来控制无人机的影响- 使建筑工人分心，2)将这些政策转化为建筑行业的最佳实践 行业，3)在实际建筑工作场所评估这些政策和最佳做法，以及4)传播和 分享实践通过NIOSH创伤预防传播和分享实践 项目和/或其他建筑公司，以实现NIOSH R2P计划的努力。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The overall objective of this project is to investigate how the presence of a drone (visual appearance and/or flying sound) in a construction field distracts workers at heights and impacts their working safety. Two hypotheses are proposed. The first hypothesis is that the drone presence diverts the workers’ visual attention, so that they may not recognize the hazards of leading edges and unguarded openings on floors as they normally can. The second hypothesis is that the drone presence requests extra effort from the workers to keep their balance while working at sloped surfaces. To test both hypotheses, two experiments are designed and conducted. In the first experiment, 24 test participants are involved. Each participant is asked to wear an eye-tracking headset and pick and place a box (7.5 kg) in virtual construction scenes under different drone flying conditions. The fixation-related metrics, i.e., fixation time and fixation count, are calculated to measure the participant’s visual attention on the recognition of leading edges and unguarded openings. In the second experiment, 12 test participants are involved. Each participant is asked to mimic the shingling task on the roof simulator under different combinations of postures, slopes, and drone interventions. The body’s Center of Pressure, Center of Gravity, and Base of Support are used to measure the participant’s efforts on keeping balance during the shingling task. The measurements from both experiments are further analyzed through statistical tests. This way, the quantitative relationships between a flying drone and its impacts on distracting construction workers at heights can be established. These quantitative relationships will be the main outcome of this project. They will build a solid foundation to help the occupational safety and health community create guidelines and regulations on drone use in construction workplaces. This project is expected to contribute to addressing the NORA Construction Sector "Strategic Goal 6: Improving workplace safety to reduce traumatic injuries” with the focus on “Intermediate Goal 6.3: Injuries related to emerging technologies (e.g., robots and exoskeletons)”. Also, the research team in this project will collaborate with construction contractors in Wisconsin and West Virginia. Based on the results and findings from this project, they will work together to 1) identify what policies could be taken to control the impacts of the drone- induce distractions on construction workers, 2) transform these policies into best practices in the construction industry, 3) assess these policies and best practices in real construction workplaces, and 4) disseminate and share the practices disseminate and share the practices through the NIOSH Traumatic Injury Prevention Program and/or with other construction companies to fulfill the NIOSH r2P initiative's efforts.