NeuR3o-LOGIC

因果问题是科学的核心。然而，认知偏差和逻辑谬误是主要来源 在所有学科的因果研究中的错误。几十年来，大多数有抱负的年轻科学家，那些 研究生培训以及有经验的继续教育从业者尚未正式 在研究实践的哲学基础上接受培训--而不是以导师为中心的方法-- 包括因果推理。相反，科学教育受到盛行的文化的强烈影响 重视专门的学科知识，而不是科学第一原理中的健全教育。 拟议的NeuR3o逻辑学习单元将强调对因果问题的批判性思考，如图所示 通过来自肠道-脑轴交界处的神经科学的例子，每个明示的主题 人类可以与人类产生共鸣。灵感来自于我们在R3课程中“像教授科学一样讲授科学”的经验 研究生科学计划和约翰霍普金斯大学彭博公共卫生学院，我们的方法是 从发音偏误的角度分析复杂话题。由我们对好的三个R的承诺推动 科学实践-严谨、可重复性和责任感，这些构成了R3计划的名称- 建议的计量器项目将使学习者认识到科学在哪里可能出错 因果关系的领域。由肠道微生物组交汇处的有形研究实例支持 和神经系统，NeuR3-Logic单元将为学习者提供使用 结构化错误分析和归约方法将基本思想与 逻辑和认识论和重大公共卫生问题，如自闭症、谱系障碍和其他 神经方面的情况。 拟议的工作与现有的和正在进行的联邦资助项目相辅相成，但不重叠。 关于R3计划培训在伦理决策和数据方面的有效性的教育奖学金 科学技能(美国国家科学基金会--IGE奖#1955062；R25奖#R25AI159447；关于T32的行政补充 奖项#T32AI007417)。 虽然第一个项目年的重点将是设计、生产、进度监测和初始质量 在NeuR3o-LOGIC项目团队内进行改进，定期与中心沟通以确保 目标和目的的一致性。拟议项目的第二年和第三年将专门用于 与中心密切协调，组织和协调项目评估和修订活动， 指导委员会和合作实践社区中的仪表获奖者网络。

Causal questions are at the heart of science. Yet, cognitive biases and logical fallacies are major sources of error in causal research across all disciplines. For decades, most aspiring young scientists, those in post-graduate training as well as experienced practitioners in continuing education have not been formally trained – as opposed to a mentor-focused approach - in the philosophical foundations of research practice, including causal reasoning. Instead, science education is strongly influenced by the prevailing culture of valuing specialized subject matter knowledge over sound education in the first principles of science. The proposed NeuR3o-LOGIC learning unit will emphasize critical thinking on causal questions, illustrated by examples from the neurosciences at the interface of the gut-brain axis, an ostensive topic that every human being can relate to. Inspired by our experiences of ‘teaching science like we do science’ in the R3 Graduate Science Program and the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, we approach this complex topic from the angle of sound error analysis. Driven by our commitment to the three ‘R’s of good scientific practice – Rigor, Reproducibility, and Responsibility, which inform the R3 Program’s name – the proposed METER project will put the learner into a position to recognize where science can go wrong in the realm of causation. Supported by tangible research examples at the intersection of the gut microbiome and the nervous system, the NeuR3o-LOGIC unit will provide the learner with opportunities to employ a structured error analysis and reduction approach to make connections between fundamental thinking in logic and epistemology and major public health issues such as autism spectrum disorders and other neurological conditions. The proposed work does complement, yet not overlap with existing and ongoing, federally funded projects of educational scholarship on the effectiveness of R3 Program training in ethical decision making and data science skills (NSF-IGE Award #1955062; R25 Award #R25AI159447; administrative supplement on T32 Award #T32AI007417). While the first project year will be focused on the design, production, progress monitoring, and initial quality improvement within the NeuR3o-LOGIC project team, regular communication with CENTER will ensure the alignment of goals and objectives. Years two and three of the proposed project will be dedicated towards structured and coordinated project evaluation and revision activities in close coordination with CENTER, the steering committee, and the network of METER awardees in a collaborative community of practice.