Leveraging Networks, Epidemiology, and Epidemic Modeling: Creative Approaches for HIV Elimination

利用网络、流行病学和流行病模型：消除艾滋病毒的创造性方法

• 批准号: 10673665
• 负责人: Britt Skaathun
• 金额: $ 18.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10673665
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Acute; Biological; Caring; Characteristics; Client; Communities; Complex; Contact Tracing; Creativeness; Data; Disease Progression; Drug usage; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Genetic; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV Seronegativity; HIV Seropositivity; HIV diagnosis; HIV-1; HIV/AIDS; Hispanic; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Inflammatory; Interruption; Intervention; Latino; Link; Maps; Methamphetamine; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Mucous Membrane; Multiple Partners; Nature; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Populations at Risk; Positioning Attribute; Primary Infection; Public Health; Rectum; Research; Research Priority; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Sexual Partners; Social Network; Source; Testing; Training; United States; black men who have sex with men; cohort; condoms; cytokine; density; epidemic response; experience; improved; marginalization; marginalized population; men who have sex with men; methamphetamine use; methamphetamine user; network models; pre-exposure prophylaxis; prevention service; recruit; rectal; response; sex; sexual encounter; social; social structure; standard of care; substance use; transgender; transmission process; treatment as prevention

Abstract New HIV infections in the U.S. are beginning to decline, but marginalized groups such as substance using populations continue to experience new infections. Individuals with acute and early HIV (AEH) and those who are HIV infected, but out of care, are key drivers of ongoing transmission. Biological interventions such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) that reduces HIV acquisition by >90% can curtail transmission, but marginalized groups have low utilization rates. Social network factors have been noted as contributing to the difference in rates of HIV acquisition. Public health departments traditionally used contact tracing (asking newly HIV diagnosed clients to identify their sex or drug contacts) to identify individuals who are unaware of their HIV infection, but this information is often incomplete due to underreporting. Experts are now turning toward molecular network data (individuals linked by similar HIV-1 pol sequences) in conjunction with contact tracing information for HIV epidemic response. While informative, sampling challenges limit the reliance on these sources alone for making inferences about HIV transmission. Social network data, in contrast, are more complete than sexual contact data and often include substance use and sexual partners in networks. Despite indication of the benefits of combining these data, little research has been conducted on how they can be integrated for HIV prevention and care. The overall goal of this project is to better understand the complex and overlapping social and molecular network dynamics involved in HIV transmission in order to more effectively prioritize interventions to reduce HIV incidence.

摘要 美国新的艾滋病毒感染开始下降，但边缘化群体，如 药物使用人群继续经历新的感染。患有急性和 早期艾滋病毒（AEH）和艾滋病毒感染者，但没有照顾，是持续的关键驱动因素， 传输生物干预措施，如暴露前预防（PrEP）， 艾滋病毒感染率>90%可以减少传播，但边缘化群体的利用率很低 rates.社会网络因素被认为是造成艾滋病毒感染率差异的原因 采集公共卫生部门传统上使用接触者追踪（询问新的艾滋病毒 确诊的客户，以确定他们的性别或药物接触），以确定个人谁是不知道 艾滋病毒感染率，但由于报告不足，这一信息往往是不完整的。专家 现在转向分子网络数据（由相似的HIV-1 pol序列连接的个体） 同时提供接触者追踪信息，以应对艾滋病毒流行病。虽然信息量很大， 抽样挑战限制了仅依赖这些来源对艾滋病毒进行推断 传输相比之下，社交网络数据比性接触数据更完整， 通常包括吸毒和网络中的性伴侣。尽管有迹象表明， 在结合这些数据的过程中，很少有人研究如何将它们整合起来， 艾滋病毒预防和护理。该项目的总体目标是更好地了解复杂的， 重叠的社会和分子网络动态参与艾滋病毒的传播， 更有效地优先采取干预措施，减少艾滋病毒的发病率。