Social networks and STIs as an indicator of potential HIV transmission and acquisition among PWID

社交网络和性传播感染是吸毒者中潜在艾滋病毒传播和感染的指标

• 批准号: 10682480
• 负责人: Britt Skaathun
• 金额: $ 15.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10682480
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Address; Border Crossings; California; Caring; Characteristics; Chlamydia trachomatis; Clinical Data; Cohort Studies; Communication; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Future; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV Seronegativity; HIV diagnosis; HIV risk; HIV/AIDS; High Prevalence; Homelessness; Incidence; Infection; Injecting drug user; Injections; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Link; Location; Methods; Mexico; Needle Sharing; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Parents; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Poverty; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Reduce health disparities; Research; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Risk; Risk Reduction; Risk Reduction Behavior; Role; Services; Sexual Transmission; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Social Network; Strategic Planning; Survey Methodology; Syphilis; Testing; Unemployment; United States National Institutes of Health; Viral; Work; career; clinical diagnosis; clinical encounter; co-infection; communicable disease diagnosis; epidemiology study; improved; infection risk; intimate partner violence; methamphetamine use; migration; novel; opioid use; policy recommendation; pre-exposure prophylaxis; prevent; prevention service; preventive intervention; sample collection; screening; screening guidelines; sex; sexual risk behavior; social; substance use; tool; transmission process

Project Summary/Abstract Social networks (i.e. social, sexual and substance use contacts) impact the spread of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and can be used as a tool for public health prevention efforts. PWID are embedded in social networks that may influence their HIV risk as well as their risk reduction behaviors and engagement with the HIV care cascade. Clinical data and diagnoses of infectious diseases can be used to inform the networks. In the U.S., STI incidence rates are the highest they have been in over 25 years. STIs can increase the risk of HIV acquisition and among those who are living with HIV, STIs can increase the risk of onward HIV transmission. In addition, STI diagnoses may predict future incidence of HIV. Studies are needed to better understand the prevalence of STIs among PWID and the potential impact of STI screening on risk of HIV among PWID. Sex and drug tourism from the U.S. to Mexico has played an important role in HIV spread in the border region, as these factors drive bidirectional cross-border mobility. Recent work provides evidence of extensive HIV viral exchange between San Diego, CA and Tijuana, Mexico, with the direction recently reversing to viral migration now being predominantly from Tijuana toward San Diego. In Aim 1, we will assess the prevalence of STIs (syphilis, Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infections) in San Diego among PWID living with and at risk for HIV and will assess the potential additional risk of those infections among sex and drug tourists. In Aim 2 we will identify where STI and HIV infections are within a social network of PWID and assess whether they can be used to understand the HIV risk context. We will leverage an ongoing cohort study among PWID in San Diego, California, La Frontera (R01DA049644, PI: Strathdee) which uses field based mobile testing and survey methods. The proposed study aims meet the A-START goals of facilitating the entry of an early career investigator into the intersection of drug abuse and HIV/AIDS research and will provide pilot data for a future longitudinal R01 proposal aimed at using social and transmission network in combination to predict HIV and prioritize prevention activities. The results of the proposed study will additionally provide evidence for public health researchers and practitioners on best practices for STI screening among PWID and potential HIV prevention. This study addresses the Trans-NIH plan of the OAR, by conducting multidisciplinary research to inform implementation of timely interventions to reduce incidence of HIV.

项目概要/摘要 社交网络（即社交、性和物质使用接触）影响艾滋病毒和性行为的传播 传播感染（STI），可用作公共卫生预防工作的工具。注射吸毒者是 嵌入社交网络，可能会影响他们的艾滋病毒风险以及降低风险的行为， 参与艾滋病毒护理级联。传染病的临床数据和诊断可用于 通知网络。在美国，性传播感染的发病率是 25 年来最高的。性传播感染可以 增加感染艾滋病毒的风险，在艾滋病毒感染者中，性传播感染会增加感染艾滋病毒的风险 进一步传播艾滋病毒。此外，性传播感染的诊断可以预测未来艾滋病毒的发病率。需要研究 更好地了解吸毒者中性传播感染的流行情况以及性传播感染筛查对感染风险的潜在影响 吸毒者中存在艾滋病毒。 从美国到墨西哥的性旅游和毒品旅游在边境地区的艾滋病毒传播中发挥了重要作用， 因为这些因素推动了双向跨境流动。最近的工作提供了广泛的艾滋病毒病毒的证据 加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥和墨西哥蒂华纳之间的交流，最近方向转向病毒迁移 现在主要是从蒂华纳飞往圣地亚哥。 在目标 1 中，我们将评估性传播感染（梅毒、沙眼衣原体 (CT) 和奈瑟菌）的患病率 圣地亚哥的感染者和有感染艾滋病毒风险的吸毒者中患有淋病（NG）感染），并将评估 性游客和毒品游客中感染这些疾病的潜在额外风险。在目标 2 中，我们将确定 STI 和 HIV 感染属于吸毒者的社交网络，评估它们是否可以用来了解艾滋病毒感染者的情况 艾滋病毒风险背景。我们将利用一项针对加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥拉弗龙特拉的注射吸毒者正在进行的队列研究 （R01DA049644，PI：Strathdee）使用基于现场的移动测试和调查方法。拟议的研究 旨在满足 A-START 的目标，即促进早期职业研究者进入交叉领域 药物滥用和艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究，并将为未来的纵向 R01 提案提供试点数据，该提案旨在 结合使用社会和传播网络来预测艾滋病毒并优先考虑预防活动。这 拟议研究的结果还将为公共卫生研究人员和从业人员提供证据 关于吸毒者性传播感染筛查和潜在艾滋病毒预防的最佳实践。这项研究解决了 OAR 的跨 NIH 计划，通过进行多学科研究来及时通知实施 减少艾滋病毒发病率的干预措施。