Social networks and STIs as an indicator of potential HIV transmission and acquisition among PWID

社交网络和性传播感染是吸毒者中潜在艾滋病毒传播和感染的指标

• 批准号: 10682480
• 负责人: Britt Skaathun
• 金额: $ 15.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10682480
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Address; Border Crossings; California; Caring; Characteristics; Chlamydia trachomatis; Clinical Data; Cohort Studies; Communication; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Future; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV Seronegativity; HIV diagnosis; HIV risk; HIV/AIDS; High Prevalence; Homelessness; Incidence; Infection; Injecting drug user; Injections; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Link; Location; Methods; Mexico; Needle Sharing; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Parents; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Poverty; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Reduce health disparities; Research; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Risk; Risk Reduction; Risk Reduction Behavior; Role; Services; Sexual Transmission; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Social Network; Strategic Planning; Survey Methodology; Syphilis; Testing; Unemployment; United States National Institutes of Health; Viral; Work; career; clinical diagnosis; clinical encounter; co-infection; communicable disease diagnosis; epidemiology study; improved; infection risk; intimate partner violence; methamphetamine use; migration; novel; opioid use; policy recommendation; pre-exposure prophylaxis; prevent; prevention service; preventive intervention; sample collection; screening; screening guidelines; sex; sexual risk behavior; social; substance use; tool; transmission process

Project Summary/Abstract Social networks (i.e. social, sexual and substance use contacts) impact the spread of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and can be used as a tool for public health prevention efforts. PWID are embedded in social networks that may influence their HIV risk as well as their risk reduction behaviors and engagement with the HIV care cascade. Clinical data and diagnoses of infectious diseases can be used to inform the networks. In the U.S., STI incidence rates are the highest they have been in over 25 years. STIs can increase the risk of HIV acquisition and among those who are living with HIV, STIs can increase the risk of onward HIV transmission. In addition, STI diagnoses may predict future incidence of HIV. Studies are needed to better understand the prevalence of STIs among PWID and the potential impact of STI screening on risk of HIV among PWID. Sex and drug tourism from the U.S. to Mexico has played an important role in HIV spread in the border region, as these factors drive bidirectional cross-border mobility. Recent work provides evidence of extensive HIV viral exchange between San Diego, CA and Tijuana, Mexico, with the direction recently reversing to viral migration now being predominantly from Tijuana toward San Diego. In Aim 1, we will assess the prevalence of STIs (syphilis, Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infections) in San Diego among PWID living with and at risk for HIV and will assess the potential additional risk of those infections among sex and drug tourists. In Aim 2 we will identify where STI and HIV infections are within a social network of PWID and assess whether they can be used to understand the HIV risk context. We will leverage an ongoing cohort study among PWID in San Diego, California, La Frontera (R01DA049644, PI: Strathdee) which uses field based mobile testing and survey methods. The proposed study aims meet the A-START goals of facilitating the entry of an early career investigator into the intersection of drug abuse and HIV/AIDS research and will provide pilot data for a future longitudinal R01 proposal aimed at using social and transmission network in combination to predict HIV and prioritize prevention activities. The results of the proposed study will additionally provide evidence for public health researchers and practitioners on best practices for STI screening among PWID and potential HIV prevention. This study addresses the Trans-NIH plan of the OAR, by conducting multidisciplinary research to inform implementation of timely interventions to reduce incidence of HIV.

项目摘要/摘要 社交网络(即社交、性接触和物质使用接触)影响艾滋病毒和性传播 传播感染(STI)，并可用作公共卫生预防工作的工具。PWID为 嵌入社交网络，可能会影响他们的艾滋病毒风险以及他们的风险降低行为和 参与艾滋病毒护理的级联。传染病的临床数据和诊断可以用来 通知电视网。在美国，性传播感染的发病率是25年来最高的。性传播感染可以 增加感染艾滋病毒的风险，在艾滋病毒携带者中，性传播感染会增加感染艾滋病毒的风险 艾滋病毒的进一步传播。此外，性传播感染的诊断可能会预测未来艾滋病毒的发病率。需要研究 为了更好地了解PWID中性传播感染的流行情况以及筛查STI对 HIV在PWID中的分布。 从美国到墨西哥的性和毒品旅游在边境地区的艾滋病毒传播中发挥了重要作用， 因为这些因素推动了双向跨境流动。最近的研究提供了广泛的艾滋病毒病毒的证据 加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥和墨西哥提华纳之间的交流，最近方向逆转为病毒迁移 现在主要是从提华纳到圣地亚哥。 在目标1中，我们将评估性传播感染(梅毒、沙眼衣原体(CT)和奈瑟菌)的流行情况 在携带艾滋病毒和有感染艾滋病毒风险的PWID患者中)，并将评估 性和毒品游客中感染这些疾病的潜在额外风险。在目标2中，我们将确定STI和 HIV感染在PWID的社交网络中，并评估它们是否可以被用来了解 艾滋病毒风险背景。我们将利用加州圣地亚哥La Frontera的PWID正在进行的队列研究 (R01DA049644，PI：Strathdee)，使用基于现场的移动测试和测量方法。建议进行的研究 AIMS达到A-Start的目标，即促进早期职业调查员进入 药物滥用和艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究，将为未来的纵向R01提案提供试点数据 结合使用社会和传播网络来预测艾滋病毒并确定预防活动的优先顺序。这个 拟议的研究结果将为公共卫生研究人员和从业者提供额外的证据 关于在PWID中进行性传播感染筛查的最佳做法和潜在的艾滋病毒预防。这项研究解决了 跨NIH的OAR计划，通过开展多学科研究及时通报执行情况 减少艾滋病毒发病率的干预措施。