Childhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Antisocial Behavior: Investigating the Role of Reward Processing

童年社会经济劣势和反社会行为：调查奖励处理的作用

• 批准号: 10677099
• 负责人: Heidi Beth Westerman
• 金额: $ 4.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10677099
• 关键词: 21 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affective; African American; Age; Aggressive behavior; Anxiety; Architecture; Behavior; Biological; Birth; Brain; Child Welfare; Childhood; Clinical; Cohort Studies; Communities; Conduct Disorder; Corpus striatum structure; Data Analyses; Development; Disadvantaged; Emotions; Environment; Exposure to; Family; Fellowship; Goals; Health Promotion; Human; Imprisonment; Income; Intervention; Lifestyle-related condition; Link; Low Income Population; Low income; Manuscripts; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Michigan; Motivation; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Nucleus Accumbens; Outcome; Play; Poverty; Prevention; Process; Psychiatric Diagnosis; Psychopathology; Publications; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Project Grants; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Shapes; Societies; Statistical Models; Stress; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Support System; System; Testing; Training; Universities; Ventral Striatum; Youth; affective neuroscience; antisocial behavior; biopsychosocial; career; cognitive control; cost; emerging adult; gray matter; insight; multimodal neuroimaging; neural; neural correlate; neurobiological mechanism; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; perpetrators; putamen; reward anticipation; reward processing; skills; societal costs; socioeconomic adversity; socioeconomic disadvantage; urban setting; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY The goal of this fellowship is to prepare applicant, Heidi Westerman, for an independent research career focused on the biopsychosocial determinants of antisocial behavior (AB). The proposed fellowship consists of: 1) a research project that will further our understanding of the impact of socioeconomic disadvantage on brain structure and function and AB, and 2) a training plan comprised of formal training, mentorship, manuscript publications, and professional development activities. The applicant will be supported by a strong mentorship team with primary sponsors at the University of Michigan and consultants at Harvard, Northwestern, and University of Pittsburgh. Together, the mentorship team will provide expertise in socioeconomic adversity, neuroimaging, stress, reward processing, longitudinal data analysis, and the development of AB. The training plan will help the applicant: a) develop expertise in associations between socioeconomic disadvantage, neural reward-processing, and AB, b) develop strong, advanced quantitative methodological skills, and c) disseminate research findings and network with the developmental, clinical, and neuroscientific research communities. AB, including the psychiatric diagnosis of Conduct Disorder, leads to severe consequences for perpetrators, victims, and society. Socioeconomic disadvantage has been identified as a risk factor for engagement in AB. Though neural research related to poverty has mostly focused on affective and cognitive control, recent studies suggest that socioeconomic disadvantage may be associated with alterations in the reward-related corticostriatal circuit. Moreover, recent neuroimaging research has uncovered reward-related neural correlates of AB, offering a potential mechanism through which socioeconomic disadvantage may shape reward processing and increase risk for AB-related disorders. The proposed project will examine: 1) whether AB is associated with altered reactivity to reward anticipation and receipt in the corticostriatal system, as well as decreased grey matter volume in the ventral striatum and the orbitofrontal cortex; 2) whether socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with altered reward-related activity in the ventral striatum and decreased grey matter volume in the ventral striatum and the orbitofrontal cortex; 3) whether reactivity to reward or differences in grey matter volume provide a mechanism through which socioeconomic disadvantage increases risk for AB. All aims will be investigated in the Study of Adolescent to Adult Neural Development (a sub-sample of the larger Fragile Families and Child-Wellbeing Study), a large longitudinal neuroimaging study of mostly low- income individuals who are currently entering young adulthood (R01-MH121079; R01 MH103761). The proposed research addresses long-standing questions of the neural mechanisms linking adversity with AB. Our findings will shed light on reward-related neural contributions to the development of AB and lay the groundwork for investigating prevention and intervention for those at risk for detrimental outcomes.

项目摘要 该奖学金的目标是准备申请人，海蒂韦斯特曼，为独立的研究生涯 反社会行为（AB）的生物心理社会决定因素。拟议的研究金包括： 1)一个研究项目，将进一步了解社会经济不利因素对大脑的影响 结构和功能以及AB，以及2）由正式培训、指导、手稿 出版物和专业发展活动。申请人将得到强大的导师支持 团队与密歇根大学的主要赞助商和哈佛，西北大学的顾问， 匹兹堡大学。导师团队将共同提供社会经济逆境方面的专业知识， 神经影像学，压力，奖励处理，纵向数据分析，以及AB的发展。培训 该计划将帮助申请人：a）发展社会经济劣势，神经 奖励处理，和AB，B）发展强大的，先进的定量方法技能，和c）传播 研究成果和网络与发展，临床和神经科学研究社区。 AB，包括行为障碍的精神病诊断，导致犯罪者的严重后果， 受害者和社会。社会经济劣势已被确定为从事AB的风险因素。 虽然与贫困有关的神经研究主要集中在情感和认知控制上，但最近的研究表明， 这表明，社会经济劣势可能与奖励相关的改变有关， 皮质纹状体回路此外，最近的神经影像学研究揭示了奖励相关的神经关联， AB，提供了一种潜在的机制，通过这种机制，社会经济劣势可能会塑造奖励 处理和增加风险的AB相关疾病。拟议项目将审查：1）AB是否 与皮质纹状体系统对奖励预期和接收的反应性改变有关，以及 腹侧纹状体和眶额皮质的灰质体积减少; 2）是否社会经济 不利的是与腹侧纹状体的奖励相关活动的改变和减少灰色 腹侧纹状体和眶额皮质的物质体积; 3）是否对奖励反应或差异 灰质体积提供了一种机制，通过这种机制，社会经济劣势增加了AB的风险。 所有目标都将在青少年至成人神经发育研究中进行调查（ 大型脆弱家庭和儿童福利研究），一项大型纵向神经影像学研究， 目前正进入青年期的收入个人（R 01-MH 121079; R 01 MH 103761）。 这项拟议中的研究解决了长期存在的问题，即将逆境与 AB.我们的研究结果将揭示奖励相关的神经对AB发展的贡献，并奠定了基础。 为那些面临有害结果风险的人进行预防和干预调查奠定基础。