Pathways for innovation in Blood Transfusión Systems in Kenya (PITS Kenya)

肯尼亚输血系统创新之路（PITS Kenya）

• 批准号: 10677875
• 负责人: PRATAP KUMAR
• 金额: $ 65.25万
• 依托单位: STRATHMORE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10677875
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Acute; Address; Administrator; Affect; Africa South of the Sahara; Attitude; Blood; Blood Banks; Blood Donations; Blood Transfusion; Caring; Clinical; Clinical Pathways; Collection; Communities; Complex; Consensus; Country; County; Critical Care; Development; Discipline of obstetrics; Engineering; Ensure; Failure; Goals; Health; Healthcare Systems; Hemorrhage; Hospitals; Income; Industrialization; International; Intervention; Kenya; Literature; Location; Maternal Mortality; Pathway interactions; Patients; Phase; Policy Maker; Politics; Postpartum Hemorrhage; Process; Public Health; Research; Resource-limited setting; Rural; Safety; Series; Services; Sickle Cell Anemia; Structure; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Transfusion; Universities; Work; crowdsourcing; design; evidence base; experience; innovation; low and middle-income countries; malarial anemia; meetings; mobile computing; multidisciplinary; programs; rural setting; social; social media; socioeconomics; supply chain; technology validation; therapy design; trauma care; urban setting

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT There is a critical shortage of blood that affects many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Blood collection rates in these regions are ten-fold lower than rates in high-income countries. According to the Kenya National Blood Transfusion Service (KNBTS), the country's healthcare system requires nearly 500,000 units of blood per year. Last year, collections reached just 30% of this mark. Unfortunately, the blood transfusion processes span a continuum from blood donation to safe delivery that is complex, expensive, and prone to failure. The consequences are devastating; postpartum hemorrhage, malarial anemia, sickle cell disease, and all other forms of acute hemorrhage claim millions of lives each year. Thus, optimizing blood transfusion services in LMICs represents both a major health challenge and a social imperative. The overarching goal of this project is to identify, develop, and test effective strategies to enhance the availability and delivery of safe blood for transfusion in Kenya. A research consortium led by Strathmore University and the Center for Public Health and Development (CPHD) in Nairobi has partnered with the University of Pittsburgh with the objective of defining and characterizing the blood transfusion system in Kenya in order to provide evidence for the effective implementation of a diverse set of interventions aimed at enhancing and streamlining the safe delivery of blood in both urban and rural Kenya. Our research team has designed a multidimensional three-by- three-by-three approach that consists of three clinical pathways determining the urgency of blood transfusions; three distinct socioeconomic contexts within Kenya that best represent both urban and rural settings; and three basic components of effective blood transfusion systems (availability, processing, and safe delivery). Our specific aims are: 1. Evaluate ground-level deficits in the continuum of banked blood transfusion — specifically availability, processing, and delivery — across three distinct socioeconomic contexts in Kenya (Nakuru, Siaya/Kisumu, and Turkana counties), and within three specific clinical contexts (emergent, urgent, planned); 2. Evaluate ground-level and consensus solutions to optimize the continuum of banked blood transfusion; and 3. Identify disruptive technologies for the implementation of safe and reliable blood transfusion strategies, including innovative supply-chain solutions and crowd-sourcing through social media and mobile technologies. This work will elucidate barriers to safe blood access and quantify the impacts of unavailable blood in each clinical situation. During the UH3 phase of the project, we aim to implement innovative, contextually appropriate, stakeholder- backed interventions to address deficits across the blood continuum, ultimately optimizing blood donation, collection, testing, and timely availability so that blood is given to the right patient at the right time and location, ensuring the highest quality of blood transfusion services in low resource areas.

项目概要/摘要 血液严重短缺，影响到撒哈拉以南非洲的许多国家。血 这些地区的收集率比高收入国家低十倍。 据肯尼亚国家输血服务中心 (KNBTS) 称，该国的医疗保健 系统每年需要近500,000单位的血液。去年，收藏率仅为 30% 这个标记。不幸的是，输血过程跨越了血液的连续体 捐赠安全交付是复杂、昂贵且容易失败的。后果 具有毁灭性；产后出血、疟疾性贫血、镰状细胞病和所有其他 各种形式的急性出血每年夺去数百万人的生命。因此，优化输血 中低收入国家的服务既是一项重大的健康挑战，也是社会的当务之急。这 该项目的总体目标是确定、开发和测试有效的策略，以增强 肯尼亚输血用安全血液的供应和输送。由以下机构领导的研究联盟 斯特拉斯莫尔大学和内罗毕公共卫生与发展中心 (CPHD) 与匹兹堡大学合作，旨在定义和描述 为肯尼亚输血系统的有效实施提供证据 旨在加强和简化血液安全输送的多种干预措施 在肯尼亚的城市和农村。我们的研究团队设计了一个多维三乘- 三乘三方法，由三个临床路径组成，确定紧急情况 输血；肯尼亚境内最能代表两者的三种不同的社会经济背景 城市和乡村环境；以及有效输血系统的三个基本组成部分 （可用性、处理和安全交付）。我们的具体目标是： 1. 评估地面 储存输血的连续性缺陷——特别是可用性、处理和 交付——跨越肯尼亚三个不同的社会经济背景（纳库鲁、西亚亚/基苏木和 图尔卡纳县），以及三种特定的临床环境（紧急、紧急、计划）； 2. 评估基础和共识解决方案，以优化库存血液的连续性 输血； 3. 识别颠覆性技术以实现安全可靠 输血策略，包括创新的供应链解决方案和众包 通过社交媒体和移动技术。这项工作将阐明安全血液的障碍 获取并量化每种临床情况下无法获得血液的影响。 UH3期间 在该项目的阶段，我们的目标是实施创新的、适合具体情况的、利益相关者- 支持干预措施来解决整个血液连续体的缺陷，最终优化血液 献血、采集、检测和及时提供，以便在适当的时间将血液提供给正确的患者 正确的时间和地点，确保在低条件下提供最高质量的输血服务 资源区。

项目成果

Global Needs and Barriers for Medical Research Education: Initiatives to Solve the Physician-Scientist Shortage.

医学研究教育的全球需求和障碍：解决医师科学家短缺的举措。

• DOI: 10.5195/ijms.2023.2011
• 发表时间: 2023-03-31
• 期刊: International journal of medical students
• 作者: Schneider MR;Makram AM;Bassey E;Găman MA;Egan C;Puyana JC;Bonilla-Escobar FJ
• 通讯作者: Bonilla-Escobar FJ