Mitigating Adverse Effects of COVID-19 through Preventive Interventions for Families with Young Children Living in Poverty: Linking Data from 3 Cities with Diverse Risks and Exposures

通过对有幼儿的贫困家庭进行预防性干预措施减轻 COVID-19 的不利影响：将来自 3 个具有不同风险和暴露程度的城市的数据联系起来

• 批准号: 10680602
• 负责人: Rachel Sharon Gross
• 金额: $ 68.93万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-09 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10680602
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Attention; Award; Birth; Black race; Buffers; COVID-19; COVID-19 disparity; COVID-19 health disparity; COVID-19 impact; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 pandemic effects; Child; Child Behavior; Child Rearing; Cities; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Set; Development; Disasters; Disparity; Economics; Education; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Family; Family Relationship; Future; Health; Healthcare; Intervention; Language; Latinx; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Low income; Mental Health; Methods; Michigan; Minority Groups; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; New York City; Nursery Schools; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pennsylvania; Play; Population; Poverty; Preventive; Preventive Clinical Trial; Public Health; Race; Randomized; Reading; Reduce health disparities; Resources; Risk; Role; SARS-CoV-2 exposure; School-Age Population; Societies; Structure; Testing; Variant; Water; adverse outcome; attenuation; checkup examination; design; direct application; dosage; early childhood; ethnic disparity; ethnic minority; experience; feeding; health disparity; informant; minority communities; pandemic disease; pandemic impact; post-COVID-19; prevent; preventive intervention; programs; prospective; psychosocial development; racial disparity; racial minority; racism; social; socioeconomic disadvantage; socioeconomics; stressor

ABSTRACT Public health disasters, such as COVID-19, have disproportionate consequences on low-income and racial- ethnic minority communities through pathways that likely exacerbate disparities associated with poverty and racism, and act over extended periods. Young children are vulnerable to deleterious effects of the pandemic on psychosocial development but have received less attention and resources. Preventive interventions focused on relational health (e.g., positive and structuring parenting practices, parent-child relationship quality) have been shown to address the adverse consequences of poverty for young children. However, such interventions have yet to be tested during a public health disaster, much less one with potentially compounding effects on poverty- related and racial/ethnic disparities. The current application provides a unique opportunity to determine whether healthcare- and community-based interventions initially targeting pathways of adversity for families with young children living in poverty can prevent widening of disparities in the context of COVID-19. We propose to examine these critical issues by pooling and harmonizing seven data sets across four studies (including three NICHD R01 awards) in: 1) three very different cities (New York City, Pittsburgh, PA and Flint, MI); 2) that include low-income, Black and Latinx families; 3) involve trials of scalable preventive relational health interventions delivered in early childhood (primarily birth to 3 years), the majority with a randomized design; and 4) assess families longitudinally with multiple informants/methods to assess family socioeconomic risk, parent-child relational health, and child psychosocial development, as well as exposure and experiences linked to COVID-19, through the preschool or early school age period. Thus, the current application examines the consequences of COVID-19 for already-vulnerable families’ relational health and child psychosocial development, the potential protective role of relational health interventions in attenuating emerging COVID-19- related disparities, and the variation in these effects across timing of intervention pre- and post-COVID-19 onset, experience, and exposure to the pandemic, and pre-existing family-related risk. Findings will address complex drivers of health disparities and our ability to utilize population-scalable, preventive parenting interventions to promote children’s healthy psychosocial development in the context of both the COVID-19 pandemic and future public health disasters, with implications across the life course. In addition to determining the degree to which preventive interventions buffer adverse consequences on parents and children, the extensive questions that can be addressed by combining and harmonizing across these rich data sets, promise to offer the field critical information about how our most vulnerable families are faring following the pandemic. This proposal directly addresses NICHD priorities for studying “developmentally informed strategies to mitigate health disparities” of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and families.

抽象的 公共卫生灾难，例如19009，对低收入和种族的影响不成比例 少数民族社区通过可能加剧与贫困和贫困相关的途径的途径 种族主义，并在长时间行动。幼儿容易受到大流行对的有害影响 社会心理发展，但受到关注和资源的较少。预防干预措施的重点 关系健康（例如，积极和结构的育儿实践，亲子关系质量）已经存在 证明可以解决贫困对幼儿的不利后果。但是，这样的干预措施有 然而，在公共卫生灾难中进行测试，更不用说对贫困有可能复杂的影响 - 相关和种族/种族分布。当前的应用程序提供了一个独特的机会来确定 医疗保健和基于社区的干预措施最初针对家庭的冒险途径 由于幼儿生活在贫困中可以防止在19日期的情况下扩大差异。 我们建议通过在四项研究中汇总和协调七个数据集来检查这些关键问题 （包括三个NICHD R01奖），在：1）三个截然不同的城市（纽约市，匹兹堡，宾夕法尼亚州和弗林特， mi）; 2）包括低收入，黑人和拉丁裔家庭； 3）涉及可扩展预防性关系的试验 健康干预措施在幼儿时期（主要是生日至3岁），大多数是随机的 设计; 4）评估家庭纵向评估多个线人/方法来评估家庭社会经济 风险，亲子关系健康以及儿童社会心理发展以及暴露和经验 通过学前班或早期的年龄段与Covid-19链接。那，当前的申请考试 COVID-19的后果对于已经可变的家庭的关系健康和儿童社会心理 发展，关系健康干预措施在衰减新兴covid-19-的潜在受保护作用 相关分布以及这些影响在干预前后的这些效果的差异-19 发作，经验和暴露于大流行以及与家庭有关的风险。 调查结果将解决健康分配的复杂驱动因素以及我们利用人群量表的能力， 预防性育儿干预措施，以促进儿童的健康社会心理发展。 Covid-19的大流行和未来的公共卫生灾难都在整个生活过程中产生了影响。在 除了确定对父母的预防干预缓冲措施不利后果的程度 和孩子们，可以通过在这些富人中结合和协调来解决的广泛问题 数据集，保证提供有关我们最脆弱家庭如何发展的领域关键信息 遵循大流行。该提案直接解决了研究“发展上的NICHD优先事项” 可减轻儿童和家庭大流行的知情策略，以减轻健康差异”。