Vaping and Smoking Cessation in Intensive Longitudinal National Data

项目总结 该项目的总体目标是确定电子烟是否与美国的戒烟有关 通过进行二次分析，利用新的“密集的”纵向国家数据源 每两周一次的调查浪潮。关于蒸发和吸烟之间联系的最新观察证据 停止使用国家纵向数据来源(例如，路径研究)可能会提供不充分的时间 由于调查间隔时间较长(例如，12个月)，数据的精确度较高。长时间间隔是有问题的，因为许多 吸烟者在一年内多次尝试戒烟，并在戒烟和吸烟之间摇摆不定。此外, 鉴于尝试电子烟的吸烟者更有可能对尼古丁依赖，戒烟的几率更高 动机，并有可能影响戒烟的社会人口因素，选择偏差总是一种 对检查汽化辅助戒烟的观察性研究的威胁。此外，解决心理健康问题 在研究电子烟与戒烟之间的未来联系的研究中，戒烟是至关重要的 尝试者可能会面临焦虑、抑郁和其他症状，这些症状在最初的几周内会激增 尼古丁戒断。为了解决这一研究差距，拟议的研究将利用国家 了解美国研究的代表性纵向小组调查，包括8,306名美国成年人 26次双周调查(2020年4月至2021年7月)和9次额外的月度跟踪调查(10月 2021年至2022年6月)，包括过去一周的蒸发和吸烟频率措施。具体来说，这项研究将使用 过去一周基线吸烟者的子样本(n=1154，16.6%)，以评估两周一次的时间变化相关性 两周后，尼古丁挥发与延迟戒烟有关，随访范围长达110次 在基线之后几周，这将使我们能够避免在以前的国家研究中时间精度不够 汽化辅助戒烟。此外，密集的纵向多层建模划分了 为了解决人与人之间的混淆，将使用对象之间和对象内的差异来测试我们的 与蒸发相关的戒烟假设模型，这也将减轻选择偏见。特定的 研究目标是：(1)确定日常生活的短期(2周)和长期(最多110周)的关联性 (2)确定焦虑/抑郁症状是否是一种 与蒸发有关的戒烟的介体和结果；(3)检查其他物质的使用情况- 电子烟与戒烟和焦虑/抑郁调节的不同调节因子 路径。这项拟议的研究将探讨电子烟是否会鼓励吸烟者开始并持续吸烟。 在现实世界中戒烟，以及他们是否体验到与戒烟相关的心理健康益处。

PROJECT SUMMARY The overall goal of this project is to determine whether vaping is associated with smoking cessation in US adults by conducting secondary analyses that leverage a novel “intensive” longitudinal national data source with bi-weekly survey waves. Current observational evidence of the association between vaping and smoking cessation using national longitudinal data sources (e.g., the PATH study) may provide insufficient temporal precision due to the long inter-survey intervals (e.g., 12-month). Long intervals are problematic because many smokers make multiple quit attempts within a year and vacillate between abstinence and smoking. In addition, given that smokers who try e-cigarettes are more likely to have nicotine dependence, have higher quit smoking motivation, and have sociodemographic factors that may impact cessation, selection biases are always a threat to observational studies examining vaping-assisted smoking cessation. Also, addressing mental health in studies examining the prospective association of vaping with smoking cessation is crucial because quit attempters may face anxiety, depression, and other symptoms that spike within the first several weeks of nicotine abstinence. To address this research gap, the proposed study will leverage the nationally representative longitudinal panel survey of the Understanding America Study, including 8,306 US adults with 26 bi-weekly survey waves (April 2020 - July 2021) and nine additional monthly follow-up surveys (October 2021 - June 2022) with past-week vaping and smoking frequency measures. Specifically, this study will use the subsample of baseline past-week smokers (n=1154, 16.6%) to assess bi-weekly associations of time-varying nicotine vaping with time-lagged smoking abstinences two weeks later across follow-ups extending up to 110 weeks after baseline, which will enable us to avoid insufficient temporal precision in previous national studies of vaping-assisted smoking cessation. In addition, intensive longitudinal multi-level modeling that partitions between- and within-subject variance to address between-person confounds will be used to test our hypothesized model of vaping-related smoking cessation, which will also mitigate selection bias. Specific research aims are to: (1) determine short-term (2 weeks) and long-term (up to 110 weeks) associations of daily or non-daily (vs. no) vaping with smoking cessation; (2) determine whether anxiety/depression symptoms are a mediator and consequence of vaping-related smoking cessation; (3) examine other substance use as a time- varying moderator of the association of vaping with smoking cessation and the anxiety/depression mediation pathway. The proposed study will address whether vaping encourages smokers to initiate and sustain smoking cessation in the real world, and if they experience cessation-related mental health benefits.