Redeveloping Low-Income Communities Of Color: Impacts On Residents' Obesity And Related Health Behaviors

重建低收入有色人种社区：对居民肥胖及相关健康行为的影响

• 批准号: 10680178
• 负责人: Victoria Shier
• 金额: $ 66.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-01 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10680178
• 关键词: Address; Air; Air Pollution; Alcohol consumption; Asthma; Authorization documentation; Body Weight; Body mass index; Cardiovascular system; Cities; Cohort Studies; Color; Communities; Control Groups; Data; Data Collection; Deterioration; Development; Diet; Disparity; Environment; Experimental Designs; Food Access; Funding; Future; Goals; Green space; Health; Health Food; Health Status; Health behavior; Health behavior and outcomes; Heterogeneity; Home; Housing; Hypertension; Income; Inequality; Jogging; Life Cycle Stages; Lighting; Link; Literature; Los Angeles; Low income; Malignant Neoplasms; Mental Health; Minority Groups; Modeling; Natural experiment; Neighborhoods; Noise; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Outcome; Ownership; Pattern; Phase; Physical activity; Positioning Attribute; Public Housing; Race; Reduce health disparities; Research; Risk; Role; Safety; Services; Site; Sleep; Smoking; Stress; Stroke; Subgroup; Surveys; Time; Urban Community; asthma exacerbation; authority; built environment; cohort; cost; ethnic disparity; experience; health assessment; health disparity; healthy lifestyle; improved; minority communities; mortality; noise pollution; randomized, controlled study; recruit; sociodemographics; socioeconomics; timeline; walkability

Project Summary Socioeconomic and racial-ethnic inequalities in obesity are well documented in the literature. It is vital to understand the determinants of these disparities in obesity, as obesity is linked to increased risk for many other health outcomes including cancer, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, stroke, asthma, and early mortality. It is suggested that these disparities are due, to some extent, to the built and natural environments as well as in housing quality in the communities where low-income and minority populations live. However, it is unclear as to the extent to which health disparities can be reduced by improving housing and neighborhood environments, e.g., by improving walkability, green space, healthy food access, safety, and air quality, in low- income minority communities. To address this research gap, we propose to study a time-sensitive natural experiment that will ultimately significantly improve opportunities for health by altering the built-environment and housing quality in a low-income urban community. The Housing Authority of the City of Los Angeles is planning to redevelop the Rancho San Pedro (hereafter, Rancho) community, an obsolete 478-unit public housing project located next to the Port of Los Angeles. The redevelopment will build new housing for existing residents, add additional units for affordable housing, mixed-income housing and homeownership units, provide several opportunities for healthier lifestyles via parks, green spaces, jogging trails, community gardens, street lighting, and retail space, and create housing and built environment enhancements that will reduce air pollution exposure from the Port. Current Rancho residents will continue to live in existing housing during the redevelopment, and as a result, residents will experience construction-related disruption (loss of greenspace and walkability, noise and air pollution). Our goal is to study the effects of these short-term disruptions on residents’ BMI and related health outcomes (e.g., cardiovascular, asthma exacerbation). We will do this by following a cohort of residents of Rancho and a control public housing site. In Aim 1, we will examine the short- term impact of the Rancho public housing redevelopment on residents’ BMI and related health outcomes. In Aim 2, we will unpack the potential mechanisms for the observed change in health outcomes to investigate both why and how observed changes occur. Finally, in Aim 3, we will explore moderating effects by time- activity patterns, socio-demographics, and health status to understand for whom and under what circumstances changes were observed.

项目摘要 肥胖症的社会经济和种族不平等在文献中有很好的记录。这是至关重要的 了解这些肥胖差异的决定因素，因为肥胖与许多人的风险增加有关 其他健康后果，包括癌症、高血压、2型糖尿病、中风、哮喘和早期死亡。它是 认为这些差异在某种程度上是由于建筑和自然环境以及 低收入和少数群体居住的社区的住房质量。然而，目前还不清楚 在一定程度上可以通过改善住房和社区来缩小健康差距 环境，例如，通过改善可步行、绿色空间、健康食品获取、安全和空气质量，在低 收入较低的少数群体。为了弥补这一研究空白，我们建议研究一种时间敏感的自然 最终将通过改变建筑环境显著改善健康机会的实验 以及低收入城市社区的住房质量。洛杉矶市住房管理局是 计划重新开发兰乔·圣佩德罗(以下简称兰乔)社区，这是一个由478个单元组成的废弃公共建筑 位于洛杉矶港旁边的住房项目。重建项目将为现有居民建造新的住房。 居民，增加保障性住房、混合收入住房和住房拥有者的住房， 通过公园、绿地、慢跑道、社区花园、 街道照明和零售空间，并创造住房和建筑环境改善，以减少空气 港口污染暴露。目前的牧场居民将在年内继续住在现有的住房中。 重新开发，因此，居民将经历与建筑相关的破坏(失去绿地 以及步行、噪音和空气污染)。我们的目标是研究这些短期干扰对 居民的BMI和相关的健康结果(例如，心血管疾病、哮喘加重)。我们将在以下时间完成这项工作 在兰乔的一群居民和一个控制的公共住房地点之后。在目标1中，我们将研究短片- 牧场公共房屋重建对居民体重指数和相关健康结果的长期影响。在……里面 目标2，我们将对观察到的健康结果变化的潜在机制进行研究 观察到的变化发生的原因和方式。最后，在目标3中，我们将探索随时间推移的缓和效应- 活动模式、社会人口统计学和健康状况，以了解为谁服务以及在什么情况下 观察到了情况的变化。