Addressing Tetrachloroethylene Exposure in an Impacted Community: Residents' Concerns, Neurotoxic Effects, and Exposure Reduction

项目摘要 我们建议在印第安纳州的马廷斯维尔（一个拥有11000人的社区）开展一项社区参与研究计划 覆盖四个地下水污染点的人，包括美国环境保护局- 指定的超级基金网站地下水污染的总面积超过60英亩， 单一含水层污染物主要是氯化挥发性有机化合物（CVOCs）， 四氯乙烯（PCE）和三氯乙烯（TCE），被认为是源于几个干洗和 金属回收作业。自2005年以来，活性炭过滤系统一直在运行， PCE/COVC来自市政水，现在符合EPA饮用水标准。但最近的一项 有毒物质和疾病登记署的一份报告得出结论， 由于吸入室内空气受到蒸汽侵入的污染，挥发性化合物从 污染的地下水和土壤进入建筑物上方。我们研究的长期目标是了解 社区接触四氯乙烯对健康的影响，并使社区成员能够参与 环境健康决策。该项目将由一个跨学科的学术团队领导， 与两个社区组织合作。该团队将与现有的，从事 社区咨询委员会（CAB），以实现三个目标。目标1将评估社会的关注， 对污染和相关健康风险的看法，以及在5年内的变化 项目目标2将量化当前呼出气和室内空气中PCE/CVOCs的暴露量， 居民使用尖端的评估工具，质子转移反应飞行时间质谱仪 （PTR-TOF-MS）。通过建模，我们将估计居民的累积暴露，并调查 CVOC混合物与视觉和认知功能的关联，假设这是一个敏感的 PCE暴露的非癌症终点。我们亦会回应市民对癌症发病率上升的关注， 使用印第安纳州癌症登记数据。在目标3中，我们将设计和实施有针对性的教育 当住宅污染时，推广PCE/CVOC测试和安装缓解系统的运动 水平超过暴露限值，重点是促进业主和房东参与蒸汽 入侵测试和补救活动。我们将与CAB共同设计行动计划，确定并 应对新出现的障碍，通过发展评估（DE）过程，利用理论， 根据评价小组对以下方面数据的定性和定量分析， 利益攸关方的关切和回应。在整个社区评估和教育过程中，我们 将评估这一过程的有效性，确定从研究转向有效的途径， 行动

Project Summary We propose to develop a community engaged research program in Martinsville, IN, a community of 11,000 people that overlays four groundwater contamination sites, including a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency- designated Superfund site. The total size of the groundwater contamination is over 60 acres and lies within a single aquifer. The contaminants are chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs), primarily tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE), thought to originate from several dry cleaning and metal degreasing operations. An activated carbon filtration system has been in operation since 2005 to remove PCE/COVCs from the municipal water, which now meets EPA drinking water standards. However, a recent report from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry concludes that people’s health may be harmed by breathing indoor air contaminated via vapor intrusion, the migration of volatile compounds from contaminated groundwater and soil into buildings above. The long-term goal of our research is to understand health effects of PCE exposure in communities, and to empower community members’ participation in environmental health decision-making. The project will be led by a transdisciplinary academic team in a strong partnership with two community based organizations. This team will partner with an existing, engaged Community Advisory Board (CAB), to accomplish three aims. Aim 1 will assess the community’s concerns and perceptions about the contamination and associated health risks, and how that changes across the 5-year project. Aim 2 will quantify current exposure to PCE/CVOCs in exhaled breath and indoor air from 300 residents using a cutting edge assessment tool, proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS). Through modeling we will estimate cumulative exposures in residents and investigate associations of CVOC mixtures with visual and cognitive functions, which are hypothesized to be a sensitive non-cancer endpoint for PCE exposure. We will also address the community’s concerns about elevated cancer rates using Indiana state cancer registry data. In Aim 3, we will design and implement a targeted educational campaign to promote PCE/CVOC testing and installation of mitigation systems when residential contamination levels exceed exposure limits, with a focus on promoting property owners’ and landlords’ participation in vapor intrusion testing and remediation activities. With the CAB, we will co-design the action plan, identifying and responding to emerging barriers, through a Developmental Evaluation (DE) process utilizing a Theory of Change (TOC) model informed by the evaluation team’s qualitative and quantitative analysis of data on stakeholder concerns and responses. Throughout the process of community assessment and education, we will evaluate the effectiveness of the process, identifying pathways for moving from research to effective actions.