Impact of Sleep Duration on Immune Balance in Urban Children with Asthma

项目概要/摘要 城市哮喘儿童睡眠不足的风险很高，这是由于环境影响睡眠， 哮喘管理此外，这一群体还患有免疫平衡改变，这是一个关键的生物过程 导致哮喘发病率和睡眠健康的个体差异。过敏性哮喘是一种慢性 主要由Th 2标记的T辅助细胞1（Th 1）/ 2（Th 2）细胞因子平衡紊乱驱动的炎性疾病 细胞因子（IL-4、IL-5和/或IL-13）优势。在健康成年人中的实验结果表明， 睡眠增加炎性细胞因子（例如，IL-6）和某些Th 2细胞因子水平， 睡眠限制促进免疫平衡的恢复。睡眠时间是否在 免疫功能和相关的哮喘活动在城市儿童哮喘仍然是一个科学的差距。我们将 使用针对睡眠时间的实验设计，因为（1）城市环境和哮喘 症状相互作用，缩短睡眠，（2）睡眠时间是一种可改变的行为，在临床护理中被忽视， 城市儿童哮喘，和（3）实验数据是至关重要的，以测试因果关系的睡眠时间作为一个 免疫平衡和哮喘的潜在机制。 我们将招募患有持续性过敏性哮喘和充足睡眠的城市儿童（N=204;年龄8-9岁） 持续时间（9-11小时），将完成为期4周的受试者内方案，包括3项计划的实验 睡眠条件：（1）1周稳定睡眠（个性化; 9-11小时的床上时间），（2）1周缩短睡眠 (1.5（3）恢复期睡眠2周（卧床时间增加1.5h）。我们会监察 每天评估睡眠持续时间（活动记录）和肺功能（家庭肺量计），每周评估免疫生物标志物 在缩短睡眠的中点。为了控制研究时间的影响，我们的样本中有1/3将只接受 稳定的睡眠时间表在整个4周的协议。在这个项目中，我们将只研究城市儿童， 获得充足睡眠（9-11小时，在国家指南内）的过敏性哮喘患者。我们的缩短睡眠协议 将模拟城市哮喘儿童由于哮喘和/或城市环境而可能经历的睡眠丧失。 此外，我们的恢复睡眠协议模拟睡眠缩短后的睡眠优化干预 在一个良好的控制方法。 这项研究的第一个目的是检查睡眠时间缩短对免疫平衡的影响[例如，Th1 （干扰素-IFN γ）/Th 2（白细胞介素-IL-4、IL-5、IL-13）R和血浆IL-6水平]。第二个目标涉及 确定恢复睡眠对免疫平衡的影响。第三个目标是审查 免疫平衡的变化与哮喘相关的肺功能的变化（ FEV 1）缩短和恢复睡眠条件下。这项研究的结果最终将支持 开发可行的，生态有效的，临床上有意义的干预措施，以优化睡眠时间， 免疫平衡和哮喘。

Project Summary / Abstract Urban children with asthma are at high risk for short sleep, due to an environment that jeopardizes sleep and asthma management. Further, this group suffers from altered immune balance, a key biological process contributing to individual differences in asthma morbidity and sleep health. Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder driven primarily by disturbed T helper 1 (Th1)/ 2 (Th2) cytokine balance marked by Th2 cytokine (IL-4, IL-5 and/or IL-13) predominance. Experimental findings in healthy adults show that shortened sleep increases inflammatory cytokine (e.g., IL-6) and certain Th2 cytokine levels and that recovery sleep following sleep restriction promotes a return to immune balance. Whether sleep duration plays a key role in immune function and associated asthma activity in urban children with asthma remains a scientific gap. We will use an experimental design that targets sleep duration, because (1) the urban environment and asthma symptoms interact to shorten sleep, (2) sleep duration is a modifiable behavior overlooked in clinical care of urban children with asthma, and (3) experimental data are critical to test a causal link for sleep duration as a mechanism underlying immune balance and asthma. We will enroll urban children (N=204; ages 8-9 years) with persistent allergic asthma and adequate sleep duration (9-11 h) who will complete a 4-week within-subjects protocol that includes 3 scheduled experimental sleep conditions: (1) 1 week stabilized sleep (individualized; 9-11 h time in bed), (2) 1 week shortened sleep (1.5 h decrease in time in bed), and (3) 2 weeks recovery sleep (1.5 h increase in time in bed). We will monitor sleep duration (actigraphy) and lung function (home spirometry) daily and assess immune biomarkers weekly and at the midpoint of shortened sleep. To control time-in-study effects, 1/3 of our sample will receive only the stabilized sleep schedule across the 4-week protocol. In this project, we will study only urban children with allergic asthma who obtain sufficient sleep (9-11 h, within national guidelines). Our shortened sleep protocol will model the sleep loss that urban children with asthma can experience due to asthma and/or urban context. Additionally, our recovery sleep protocol simulates a sleep optimization intervention following shortened sleep in a well-controlled approach. The first aim of the study is to examine the effects of shortened sleep on immune balance [e.g., Th1 (Interferon-IFNγ)/Th2 (Interleukin-IL-4, IL-5, IL-13)R and plasma IL-6 levels]. The second aim involves determining the effects of recovery sleep on immune balance. The third aim involves examining the extent to which changes in immune balance are associated with changes in asthma-related lung function (changes in FEV1) under conditions of shortened and recovery sleep. Results from this study ultimately will support the development feasible, ecologically valid, and clinically meaningful interventions to optimize sleep duration, immune balance, and asthma in this at-risk group.