Sensory Augmentation, Restoration, and Modulation Using a Spinal Neuroprosthesis

使用脊柱神经假体进行感觉增强、恢复和调节

• 批准号: 10687329
• 负责人: Amol P Yadav
• 金额: $ 137.97万
• 依托单位: INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-07 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10687329
• 关键词: Acceleration; Address; Affect; American; Amputees; Animals; Brain; Clinical; Cues; Development; Devices; Disease; Electromagnetics; Environment; Esthesia; FDA approved; Feasibility Studies; Goals; Human; Individual; Injury; Intuition; Just-Noticeable Differences; Learning; Life; Limb Prosthesis; Location; Locomotion; Lower Extremity; Macaca mulatta; Methods; Movement; Nervous System Trauma; Neurologic; Neurostimulation procedures of spinal cord tissue; Numbness; Patients; Perception; Quality of life; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Personnel; Rodent; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Spinal; Spinal Cord; Spinal cord injury; Stroke; Technology; Testing; Time; Training; Traumatic Brain Injury; Ultraviolet Rays; Variant; Vertebral column; brain machine interface; chronic pain management; clinical translation; experimental study; human subject; implantation; infancy; innovation; limb amputation; magnetic field; motor control; nervous system disorder; neuroprosthesis; non-Native; novel; pre-clinical; prevent; restoration; sensory feedback; standard of care; transmission process

Project Summary The physical world contains signals encompassing the entire electromagnetic spectrum, and yet human perception of the world is limited to our five senses. To augment our senses, it is essential to first develop methods that can effectively transmit high-bandwidth information to the brain. Researchers working on brain- machine interfaces have successfully extracted movement signals from the brain to control external devices. Yet, methods that augment, restore, or modulate sensory perception are currently limited. Lack of real-time sensory feedback from a brain-machine interface or neuroprosthetic device prevents optimal motor control and thus limits sensorimotor rehabilitation. Loss of sensation due to life-altering injuries and disorders affects the quality of life of millions of Americans. Thus, methods that mimic sensory signals and interface them directly with the brain are an unmet clinical need. This project proposes a novel spinal sensory neuroprosthetic interface using sensory spinal cord stimulation (SSCS) with the ability to augment, restore, and modulate sensory perceptions. This radically innovative approach has the potential to impact a wide array of neurological conditions by addressing sensory restoration and allows for the exploration of the limits of human sensory perception. Pre- clinical experiments in rodents and rhesus monkeys demonstrated that animals learn to detect and discriminate artificial sensations induced by SSCS. To achieve clinical translation of SSCS technology, this proposal involves a feasibility study, conducted in patients undergoing spinal cord stimulator implantation for the treatment of chronic pain. First, the relationship between SSCS-induced sensory perceptual thresholds, just-noticeable differences, and stimulation parameters will be established (Goal 1). Second, human subjects will be trained to detect and discriminate variations in signal intensity and orientation of non-native signals such as infrared, UV light, magnetic fields, etc. using SSCS-induced perceptual sense, and ultimately subjects will learn to use these novel perceptual abilities to navigate a spatial environment with non-native signal cues (Goal 2). Third, lower limb amputee subjects will learn to intuitively perceive movement and location of their prosthetic limbs during locomotion via real-time closed loop sensory feedback using SSCS (Goal 3). This project is innovative because it uses FDA-approved technology (spinal cord stimulation) in a new context, all without changing the patient’s standard-of-care. The ability to augment, restore, and modulate perceptions will be an unprecedented development in the field of sensory neuroprosthetics. Successful execution of proposed goals will not only launch a new line of augmentation research, but it will also showcase that SSCS can be widely applicable in the rehabilitation of patients suffering from sensory deficits due to neurological disorders and injuries.

项目概要 物理世界包含涵盖整个电磁频谱的信号，但人类 对世界的感知仅限于我们的五种感官。为了增强我们的感官，首先必须发展 能够有效地将高带宽信息传输到大脑的方法。研究大脑的研究人员—— 机器接口已成功从大脑中提取运动信号来控制外部设备。 然而，增强、恢复或调节感官知觉的方法目前还很有限。缺乏实时性 来自脑机接口或神经假体装置的感觉反馈阻碍了最佳的运动控制和 从而限制了感觉运动康复。由于改变生活的伤害和疾病而丧失感觉会影响 数百万美国人的生活质量。因此，模仿感觉信号并将其直接与 大脑的临床需求尚未得到满足。该项目提出了一种新型脊柱感觉神经假体接口 使用感觉脊髓刺激 (SSCS) 来增强、恢复和调节感觉 的看法。这种彻底创新的方法有可能影响多种神经系统疾病 通过解决感官恢复并允许探索人类感官知觉的极限。预 啮齿类动物和恒河猴的临床实验表明，动物学会了检测和辨别 SSCS 引起的人工感觉。为了实现SSCS技术的临床转化，该提案涉及 一项可行性研究，在接受脊髓刺激器植入治疗的患者中进行 慢性疼痛。首先，SSCS引起的感觉知觉阈值之间的关系，恰到好处 差异，并建立刺激参数（目标 1）。其次，人类受试者将接受训练 检测和区分非本地信号（例如红外线、紫外线）的信号强度和方向的变化 使用 SSCS 诱导的知觉来感知光、磁场等，最终受试者将学会使用这些 利用非本地信号线索导航空间环境的新颖感知能力（目标 2）。三、较低 截肢者将学会直观地感知假肢的运动和位置 使用 SSCS 通过实时闭环感觉反馈进行运动（目标 3）。这个项目之所以具有创新性是因为 它在新的环境中使用 FDA 批准的技术（脊髓刺激），所有这些都不会改变患者的 标准护理。增强、恢复和调节感知的能力将是前所未有的 感觉神经假体领域的发展。成功执行所提出的目标不仅会启动 一条新的增强研究路线，但它也将展示 SSCS 可以广泛应用于 因神经系统疾病和损伤而患有感觉缺陷的患者的康复。