Longitudinal study of health outcomes and mitigating factors in the aftermath of the COVID pandemic

摘要 SARS-CoV-2 引起的全球大流行已夺去了超过 200 万人的生命，并造成了经济损失 以及前所未有规模的社会混乱。人们越来越担心这一问题的长期后果 流行病对儿童身心健康的影响，既源于疾病，也源于疾病 经济、社会和医疗保健领域的相关破坏。我们的总体目标是学习 儿童/青少年心理健康和初级保健利用的轨迹，包括免疫接种、 在 COVID-19 大流行之后。我们的项目位于印度，将测试有关 大流行对健康结果的影响、未来冲击的脆弱性以及这些领域的异质性来源 关系。一项战略创新是创建一个新的健康面板数据集 - 称为 SurvEy of HeAlth 趋势 (SEHAT)，在印地语中意为“健康”——利用全球最大的家庭面板数据 印度的消费和经济成果。 SEHAT数据将是一个跨越9波的新健康模块 从 2021 年 9 月至 2024 年 8 月，及时生成有关大流行对经济轨迹影响的证据 健康结果。我们的项目涉及三个与新冠病毒相关的压力源：(1) 经济环境的破坏， (2) 社会环境受到干扰，或 (3) 在家庭网络中暴露于严重的新冠肺炎疾病。我们 估计这些压力源与（a）心理健康和（b）免疫接种率和 初级卫生保健利用。我们的第二个目标是研究与新冠病毒相关的压力因素对 面对未来冲击的脆弱性。我们将使用三年内的 9 波面板数据来检验新的 经济冲击，例如家庭的工作或收入损失及其对儿童健康的累积影响 结果。我们的主要假设是，未来冲击对儿童健康结果的负面影响将是 经历过与新冠病毒相关的压力较高的家庭中的儿童的程度更大 与来自这些压力源水平较低的家庭的孩子相比。我们还将利用大 通过大量数据来检查新冠肺炎对儿童健康结果影响的异质性来源，例如 如性别、种姓或家庭构成。我们的第三个目标是公开 SEHAT 面板数据集 促进研究并为政策提供信息。我们的研究旨在收集可以变革的健康数据 研究和基于证据的政策。我们计划在之后立即发布关键指标的描述性统计数据 每波浪潮都附有政策简报。 2024 年 8 月完成 SEHAT 数据收集后，我们将 在 2026 年 8 月资助期结束之前公开发布微观数据。我们还将发布详细的 文档以方便使用 SEHAT 数据进行分析。

ABSTRACT The global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has already claimed over 2 million lives and caused economic and social disruption on an unprecedented scale. There is growing concern about long-term consequences of the pandemic on physical and mental health outcomes of children, stemming from both the illness and from associated disruptions in the economic, social, and healthcare domains. Our overall goal is to study trajectories of child/adolescent mental health and primary healthcare utilization including immunization, in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our project, located in India, will test key hypotheses about the pandemic’s impact on health outcomes, vulnerability to future shocks, and sources of heterogeneity in these relationships. A strategic innovation is to create a new health panel dataset - called the SurvEy of HeAlth Trends (SEHAT), which means “health” in Hindi - by leveraging the world’s largest household panel data on consumption and economic outcomes in India. The SEHAT data will be a new health module spanning 9 waves from September 2021 – August 2024 to generate timely evidence on the pandemic’s impact on trajectories of health outcomes. Our project on three COVID-related stressors: (1) disruptions in economic circumstances, (2) disruptions in the social environment, or (3) exposure to severe COVID illness within family networks. We estimate the association between these stressors and (a) mental health, and (b) rates of immunization and primary healthcare utilization. Our second aim is to examine impact of COVID-related stressors on vulnerability to future shocks. Using 9 waves of panel data over a three-year period, we will examine new economic shocks, such as job or income losses in the household, and their cumulative effects on child health outcomes. Our main hypothesis is that the negative impact of future shocks on child health outcomes will be greater in magnitude among children in households that experienced higher levels of COVID-related stressors compared with children from households with lower levels of these stressors. We will also leverage the large amount of data to examine sources of heterogeneity in COVID impacts on child health outcomes, by factors such as gender, caste, or household composition. Our third aim is to make SEHAT panel dataset publicly available to facilitate research and inform policy. Our study aims to collect health data that can be transformative for research and evidence-based policy. We plan to release descriptive statistics on key indicators immediately after every wave, with accompanying policy briefs. After completion of SEHAT data collection in August 2024, we will publicly release microdata by August 2026, prior to end of the grant period. We will also publish detailed documentation to facilitate analysis using the SEHAT data.