Countermeasures to cardiovascular impairment during circadian misalignment

项目总结 夜班、夜班或轮班工作的人(即“非标准”工作时间)占总人数的20%。 与白天工作的人相比，美国劳动力患心血管疾病(CVD)的风险高17%。 睡眠和昼夜节律失调是增加患心血管疾病风险的两种机制 非标准工作时间，在现代24小时社会中非常普遍，而且往往不可避免(例如轮班 工作、长时间工作、时差、住院医师、急救人员、军事人员、夏令时 时间会改变，等等)。睡眠紊乱和昼夜节律被认为与胰岛素抵抗有关， 能量摄入增加，体重增加，全身、腹部和肝内脂肪含量增加，但 在确定战略或对策以防止这种影响方面的尝试有限 相当大一部分人口的心血管疾病风险中断。 因此，我们的长期目标是确定和开发有效的行为对策，以 与睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱相关的代谢性疾病风险增加作斗争时， 行为是不可避免的。这个项目的总体目标是测试限时喂养的影响 作为一种非侵入性对策，以应对与以下相关的代谢损害 昼夜节律失调。我们的中心假设是，在白天有时间限制摄食将防止 昼夜节律失调期间的心血管损害与能量消耗状态的比较 不分昼夜。提议的项目的基本原理是定义一种非侵入性、可扩展的 可行的昼夜节律失调对策可以降低心血管疾病的风险。 为了检验我们的整体假设，将使用随机交叉研究和严格的住院患者饮食-， 32名健康男性和女性的活动和光控方案。我们将确定时间的影响- 在昼夜节律失调期间限制进食：1)24小时血压；2)血管功能。 这项研究的发现代表了翻译昼夜节律和 新陈代谢生理学通过识别和测试针对昼夜节律失调的对策。取得的成就 我们提出的目标可能会导致开发新的慢性病预防干预策略 和管理。将获得的知识提供了支持具有成本效益的计划的潜力，这些计划可能 告知我们在心血管疾病高危人群中预防心血管疾病的医疗方法 例如轮班工作人员、睡眠障碍患者和任何在白天以外进食的人。

PROJECT SUMMARY People who work evening, night or rotating shifts (i.e. “nonstandard” work hours) make up 20% of the US workforce, have a 17% higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to people who work days. Sleep and circadian misalignment are two mechanism suggested to increases the risk of CVD in people who work non-standard hours, and is highly prevalent and often unavoidable in modern, 24-hour society (e.g. shift work, long work hours, jet lag, medical residency, emergency responders, military personnel, Daylight Savings Time changes, etc). Disruptions in sleep and circadian rhythms have been linked to insulin resistance, increased energy intake, weight gain, and increased total body, abdominal and intrahepatic fat content, yet there have been limited attempts at identifying strategies or countermeasures to prevent the impact of such disruption on CVD risk in a sizeable proportion of the population. Therefore, our long-term goal is to identify and develop effective, behavioral countermeasures to combat the increased risk for metabolic diseases associated with sleep and circadian disruption when these behaviors are unavoidable. The overall objective for this project is to test the impact of time-restricted feeding to a 7h period in the day as a noninvasive countermeasure to the metabolic impairments associated with circadian misalignment. Our central hypothesis is that time-restricted feeding to the daytime period will prevent cardiovascular impairments during circadian misalignment compared to a condition where energy is consumed throughout the day and night. The rationale for the proposed project is that defining a non-invasive, scalable and feasible countermeasure to circadian misalignment could mitigate the risk of cardiovascular disease. To test our overall hypothesis, will use a randomized crossover study with a rigorous inpatient diet-, activity and light-controlled protocol in 32 healthy men and women. We will determine the impact of time- restricted feeding during circadian misalignment on 1) 24h blood pressure; and 2) vascular function. Findings from this study represent a critical advancement in the fields of translational circadian and metabolic physiology by identifying and testing a countermeasure to circadian misalignment. Achievement of our proposed aims could lead to the development of new intervention strategies for chronic disease prevention and management. The knowledge to be gained offers the potential to support cost-effective programs that may inform our healthcare approach to cardiovascular disease prevention in populations at risk for these diseases such as shift workers, individuals with sleep disorders and anyone who eats outside of daytime hours.