Life course effects and pathways of extended early childhood intervention

项目摘要 这项研究将调查参与大规模建立的ECP与生命过程结果之间的联系 在芝加哥纵向研究(CLS)队列的几代人中，年龄一直到48岁，目前在中西部 纵向研究(MLS)在19岁之前扩大该计划。中心目的是确定CPC是否参与 因为不同的时间长短在三个队列中影响幸福感：CLS参与者的身体和经济幸福感 在中年，参与者子女的教育幸福感，以及在当前情况下对2012-2013年的影响 学龄前儿童队列(MLS)。联邦收入和健康数据将与联邦机构合作进行分析。 关键结果是心血管健康、社会经济地位和职业成功，以及学校成绩， 成就，以及年轻一代的健康。还评估了变化的机制。在主要问题中 是(1)参加CPC计划与48岁之前更好的幸福感有关，包括身体健康 (例如，疾病发病、死亡率)、经济和职业成功，以及健康行为？ 20多岁CLS子代的教育和经济幸福感？(3)从高中到高中对MLS的影响 与CLS相似，以及(4)从个人到社区的不平等背景下的变化机制 对长期影响和性别和早期家庭风险有何影响？ 通过将CLS扩大到48岁和代际，这项研究将首次评估全面影响 以及这一持续大规模计划的几代人的成本效益。前瞻性纵向研究 从早年开始并持续到中年的情况仍然非常罕见，特别是对城市低收入黑人儿童来说 上下文。没有关于持续ECPs的研究一直持续到中年。除了拥有高密度的大样本之外 留存率(1,400名计划和比较个人的保留率为91%[93%的黑人])，CLS成员也参加了 因此，能够评估K-3服务的附加值。评估长期和长期风险的重要性 在大流行和系统性的背景下，对环境保护方案的重视程度越来越高，从而提高了代际影响。 种族主义和结构性不平等。鉴于方案的扩展和证据表明， 大多数不足以持续上涨，比以往任何时候都更需要美国职业棒球大联盟(MLS)的证据(芝加哥的N=1985)。 在未来五年，我们将收集、获取和分析三个方面的全面数据- 这一代人中，美国职业棒球大联盟的孩子们一直跟踪到高中。与人口普查局和 医疗保险和医疗补助中心，我们将首次评估CPC对SES的完整概况的影响 和健康结果，以及随着时间的变化。并对其变化机制进行了探讨。CLS子代对老年人的调查 700名年轻人将评估对教育和健康的影响。MLS对当前实践的概括性为 评估过了。新知识将加强儿童早期投资的规模。CLS是最大、最长的- 正在运行ECP研究。该项目不仅在遵循现有队列方面是独一无二的，而且是资源高效的。仅限于 整合长期和代际数据将实现对ECP好处的完整理解。

Project Summary This study will investigate links between participation in a large-scale established ECP and life course outcomes across generations of the Chicago Longitudinal Study (CLS) cohort up to age 48 and the current Midwest Longitudinal Study (MLS) scale up of the program by age 19. The central purpose is to determine if CPC participation for different lengths of time affects well-being in three cohorts: CLS participants’ physical and economic well-being in midlife, the educational well-being of participant’s children, and impacts in the present context for a 2012-2013 preschool cohort (MLS). Federal earnings and health data will be analyzed in collaboration with federal agencies. The key outcomes are cardiovascular health, socioeconomic status and career success, and school achievement, attainments, and health for the younger cohorts. Mechanisms of change also are assessed. Among the major questions are (1) Is participation in the CPC program associated with better well-being by age 48, including physical health (e.g., disease onset, mortality), economic and career success, and health behavior?, (2) Does participation affect the educational and economic well-being of CLS offspring in the 20s?, (3) Are effects in the MLS through high school similar to the CLS, and (4) What mechanisms of change from individual to community contexts of inequality contribute to long-term impacts and by sex and early family risk? By expanding the CLS to age 48 and intergenerationally, the study will assess for the first time the full impact and cost-effectiveness across generations of this continuing large-scale program. Prospective longitudinal studies beginning early in life and continuing into midlife remain very rare, especially for low-income Black children in urban contexts. No studies of sustained ECPs have continued through midlife. In addition to having a large sample with high rates of retention (91% for 1,400 program and comparison individuals [93% Black]), CLS members also enrolled in K-3 services thus enabling an assessment of the added value. The importance of assessing long-run and intergenerational impacts is elevated by the increasing priority on ECPs in the context of the pandemic and systemic racism and structural inequality. Given the expansion of programs and evidence that the quality and continuity of most are not sufficient for sustained gains, evidence in the MLS (N = 1985 in Chicago) is needed more than ever. In the next five years, we will collect, obtain, and analyze a comprehensive set of data for the three across- generation cohorts, with the MLS children followed through high school. In collaboration with the Census Bureau and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid, we will assess for the first time the impact of CPC for a complete profile of SES and health outcomes, and changes over time. Mechanisms of change also are probed. A CLS offspring survey for over 700 young adults will assess impacts on education and health. Generalizability of the MLS to current practice is assessed. New knowledge will strengthen scale up of early childhood investments. CLS is the largest and longest- running ECP study. The project is not only unique in following existing cohorts but is resource efficient. Only by integrating long-term and intergenerational data will a complete understanding of ECP benefits be achieved.